公路工程的一般采用鋼筋混凝土制作。現采用鋼波紋涵管代替(ti)鋼筋(jin)混凝土進行(xing)涵(han)洞施工在(zai)國內(nei)時一項新技術，以其性能穩(wen)定、安裝方便、有(you)利環(huan)保、造價低等優點迅速在(zai)公路施工中(zhong)代替(ti)了鋼筋(jin)混凝土施工的涵(han)洞，發展前(qian)景(jing)非常(chang)廣闊(kuo)。在(zai)公路施工中(zhong)，應用鋼波紋涵(han)管(guan)代替(ti)鋼筋(jin)混凝土進行(xing)涵(han)洞施工的歷史(shi)已經有(you)100多年了。

新技術材料，鋼波紋涵管代替鋼筋混凝土

1896年，美(mei)國(guo)(guo)率行波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)涵(han)(han)(han)管(guan)(guan)通(tong)(tong)道、涵(han)(han)(han)管(guan)(guan)的(de)可行性研究(jiu)(jiu)。其后(hou)，在美(mei)國(guo)(guo)、加拿大、澳大利(li)亞等國(guo)(guo)的(de)公(gong)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)建設(she)(she)中，均采用(yong)(yong)(yong)了(le)(le)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)涵(han)(han)(han)管(guan)(guan)進行涵(han)(han)(han)洞(dong)的(de)施(shi)(shi)工。1990年，日本高(gao)速(su)公(gong)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)設(she)(she)計(ji)，規(gui)范(fan)制定了(le)(le)波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)管(guan)(guan)涵(han)(han)(han)設(she)(she)計(ji)技術規(gui)范(fan)。隨著在世界各地(di)的(de)安(an)裝使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)，證明了(le)(le)此種結構在各種使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)情(qing)況(kuang)下的(de)通(tong)(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)性。在我國(guo)(guo)改(gai)革開(kai)放后(hou)，深圳及大同(tong)煤礦開(kai)始(shi)從國(guo)(guo)外進口成品(pin)波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)管(guan)(guan)涵(han)(han)(han)進行涵(han)(han)(han)洞(dong)施(shi)(shi)工。之后(hou)，上(shang)(shang)海市公(gong)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)管(guan)(guan)理處、上(shang)(shang)海市政(zheng)工程設(she)(she)計(ji)研究(jiu)(jiu)院(yuan)、上(shang)(shang)海同(tong)濟大學對金(jin)屬波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)管(guan)(guan)涵(han)(han)(han)進行了(le)(le)動、靜載試(shi)驗，結果表明能(neng)滿足設(she)(she)計(ji)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)要求，填補了(le)(le)國(guo)(guo)內的(de)空白，且迅速(su)得到推廣應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。幕墻(qiang)一(yi)貫(guan)反應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于我國(guo)(guo)各地(di)公(gong)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)設(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)建設(she)(she)當中。鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)涵(han)(han)(han)管(guan)(guan)投入到了(le)(le)青海公(gong)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)施(shi)(shi)工當中，三年的(de)實(shi)踐證明，鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)管(guan)(guan)涵(han)(han)(han)在北方寒(han)冷地(di)區完(wan)全(quan)符(fu)合公(gong)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)建設(she)(she)當中的(de)涵(han)(han)(han)洞(dong)施(shi)(shi)工要求。陜(shan)西通(tong)(tong)途(tu)交通(tong)(tong)設(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)有限公(gong)司是(shi)一(yi)家(jia)生(sheng)產公(gong)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)涵(han)(han)(han)洞(dong)通(tong)(tong)道用(yong)(yong)(yong)波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)（板）的(de)企(qi)業，主(zhu)要產品(pin)包括公(gong)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)涵(han)(han)(han)洞(dong)通(tong)(tong)道用(yong)(yong)(yong)波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)（板）、相(xiang)關配套設(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)有橋梁支座、伸(shen)縮(suo)縫、鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)腹板橋、聲屏障、鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)便橋、土工材料、防水材料、金(jin)屬掛網、防眩板、公(gong)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)護欄(lan)等交通(tong)(tong)基礎設(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)和其他相(xiang)應(ying)的(de)基礎設(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)。

實踐證明，用鋼波紋涵(han)管代替鋼筋混凝土(tu)進(jin)行涵(han)洞施工(gong)(gong)(gong)，無(wu)論從施工(gong)(gong)(gong)周期、施工(gong)(gong)(gong)造價(jia)、環保意(yi)義等方面(mian)都有其不可比擬的(de)(de)(de)優越(yue)性(xing)，且(qie)用進(jin)行涵(han)洞施工(gong)(gong)(gong)，可大大提高道路(lu)行車的(de)(de)(de)舒適度與安全性(xing)，避免道路(lu)中涵(han)洞的(de)(de)(de)“錯臺跳車”現形，有利于解決(jue)西北地區(qu)寒冷霜凍對砼管涵(han)結(jie)構的(de)(de)(de)破壞問(wen)題。

隨著公路(lu)(lu)建設(she)(she)、設(she)(she)計(ji)、施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)理念(nian)的(de)(de)日趨完善,“設(she)(she)計(ji)簡潔、施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)方便(bian)”的(de)(de)設(she)(she)計(ji)思想(xiang)被應(ying)用(yong)。簡潔便(bian)于(yu)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)圖設(she)(she)計(ji)是縮短工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)期、降低成(cheng)本(ben)的(de)(de)有效(xiao)途(tu)徑(jing)。水(shui)是影響路(lu)(lu)基強(qiang)度和(he)穩定(ding)性(xing)的(de)(de)一個重要因(yin)素,在(zai)(zai)公路(lu)(lu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程中圓(yuan)管涵(han)是排(pai)除地(di)表(biao)水(shui)普遍的(de)(de)應(ying)用(yong)方式。當(dang)前(qian),鋼筋(jin)混(hun)凝土圓(yuan)管涵(han)自身笨重，在(zai)(zai)運輸、安裝、施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)等方面(mian)比較繁(fan)瑣。另外施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)成(cheng)本(ben)也比較高。隨著鋼波紋涵(han)管的(de)(de)問世(shi)，鋼波紋涵(han)管逐漸取代了鋼筋(jin)混(hun)凝土圓(yuan)涵(han)管在(zai)(zai)鐵路(lu)(lu)、公路(lu)(lu)等道路(lu)(lu)上的(de)(de)應(ying)用(yong)。本(ben)文結合甘肅省合作市至(zhi)冶力(li)關(guan)鎮二(er)級公路(lu)(lu)改(gai)建工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程（以下稱本(ben)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程）實(shi)際施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)情況(kuang)對鋼波紋涵(han)管的(de)(de)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝和(he)技術要求進行淺(qian)談。

鋼波紋涵管介紹

鋼波紋涵管（YTHG）是替(ti)代圓(yuan)管涵、蓋板涵、拱涵和小橋(qiao)的(de)優質公(gong)路和鐵路建(jian)筑材料。該產品具有工期短、重量(liang)輕(qing)、安裝方便、耐久性好、工程造價低、抗變形(xing)能力強、減少通車后養護(hu)成本(ben)等特點，尤其應用在高寒凍土(tu)地區，軟土(tu)路基(ji)地帶，具有明(ming)顯(xian)的(de)經(jing)濟效益。鋼波紋(wen)涵管有圓(yuan)形(xing)、橢圓(yuan)形(xing)、半圓(yuan)形(xing)等，進(jin)出口也可按照邊坡比例做成斜口，加工波紋(wen)管管徑范圍Φ0.5m～Φ8m，管壁厚(hou)度為3mm～7mm，能夠滿(man)足填土(tu)0.5m～40m厚(hou)的(de)需要(yao)。

公路工(gong)程的(de)涵洞(dong)普通采用鋼(gang)筋混凝(ning)(ning)土制造。現采用鋼(gang)波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)涵管替(ti)代(dai)(dai)鋼(gang)筋混凝(ning)(ning)土停止涵洞(dong)施(shi)工(gong)在國際時一項新技術，鋼(gang)波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)涵管以(yi)其功能(neng)波(bo)動、裝(zhuang)置方便(bian)、有利(li)環保、造價高(gao)等優(you)點迅速在公路施(shi)工(gong)中替(ti)代(dai)(dai)了鋼(gang)筋混凝(ning)(ning)土施(shi)工(gong)的(de)涵洞(dong)，開展前景十(shi)分寬廣。

在公(gong)路施工中(zhong)，使(shi)用(yong)鋼波紋涵(han)管(guan)替代鋼筋混凝(ning)土停(ting)止涵(han)洞施工的歷史曾(ceng)經(jing)有100多年(nian)了。在我(wo)國(guo)變(bian)革開放后，開端從國(guo)外出(chu)口成品波紋管(guan)涵(han)停(ting)止涵(han)洞施工。之(zhi)后，交通部迷信技術研討院對金屬(shu)波紋管(guan)涵(han)停(ting)止了動(dong)、靜載實驗，后果標明能滿(man)足設計運用(yong)要(yao)求，填補了國(guo)際的空(kong)白(bai)，且迅(xun)速失掉推行使(shi)用(yong)。

理(li)論證(zheng)明(ming)，用(yong)(yong)鋼波(bo)紋涵(han)(han)(han)(han)管(guan)(guan)(guan)替代鋼筋混凝土停止涵(han)(han)(han)(han)洞(dong)施工(gong)，無論從施工(gong)周期、施工(gong)造(zao)價(jia)、環保意義(yi)等方(fang)面都有(you)(you)其不可(ke)比(bi)較的(de)優越性，且用(yong)(yong)鋼波(bo)紋涵(han)(han)(han)(han)管(guan)(guan)(guan)停止涵(han)(han)(han)(han)洞(dong)施工(gong)，可(ke)大大進步(bu)路(lu)(lu)途(tu)行車(che)的(de)舒過度(du)與平(ping)安性，防止路(lu)(lu)途(tu)中涵(han)(han)(han)(han)洞(dong)的(de)“錯臺(tai)跳(tiao)車(che)”現形，有(you)(you)利于處理(li)冰冷(leng)霜凍地域(yu)對砼管(guan)(guan)(guan)涵(han)(han)(han)(han)構造(zao)的(de)毀壞(huai)成績。鋼波(bo)紋涵(han)(han)(han)(han)管(guan)(guan)(guan)洞(dong)次要在(zai)我國南方(fang)冰冷(leng)霜凍地域(yu)逐漸失掉推行運用(yong)(yong)，有(you)(you)關科研設計部門正(zheng)在(zai)編寫鋼波(bo)紋涵(han)(han)(han)(han)管(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)計、施工(gong)標(biao)準(zhun)。置信隨著對構造(zao)耐久性看(kan)法的(de)逐漸進步(bu)，鋼波(bo)紋涵(han)(han)(han)(han)管(guan)(guan)(guan)在(zai)公路(lu)(lu)或其他工(gong)程中將具有(you)(you)更寬廣的(de)使用(yong)(yong)前景(jing)。

經過鋼波紋涵管的施工，既放慢了施工進度，較同類型蓋板涵、拱涵施工比擬具有工期短、造價低、耐久性好、對地基擾動小、對根底要求較高等優點,又給其上的高填方提供了充沛的施工工夫，大大延長了工期，從總體工程思索浪費了投資，是普通涵管無法相比的，在公路新、改建工程、養護大中修工程中發揚了重要的作用。//hanihanbj.com/