鋼波紋管方案比(bi)較 三個方案對(dui)比(bi)情況見(jian)表1。鋼(gang)波(bo)紋圓(yuan)管涵(han)特點及上風經由現場踏(ta)勘地(di)質地(di)形,采(cai)用(yong)鋼(gang)波(bo)紋圓(yuan)管涵(han)長處在于:①波(bo)形鋼(gang)板管涵(han)同時具有剛性(xing)和柔(rou)性(xing),結構受力(li)公道。荷載分布平均,具有一定的抗(kang)變形 能力(li)。
分享幾個比較典型的鋼波紋管施工案例
海內行業(ye)推薦性尺度(du)《公(gong)路(lu)涵(han)洞設(she)計細則》4.2.7條明確劃定,鋼波紋(wen)管(guan)涵(han)合用(yong)于(yu)(yu)地(di)基(ji)承載力(li)較低,或有較大沉降與變(bian)形(xing)的(de)(de)(de)路(lu)基(ji)。②拼裝波紋(wen) 管(guan)適應地(di)基(ji)變(bian)形(xing)能(neng)(neng)力(li)強,對地(di)基(ji)承載能(neng)(neng)力(li)、平整度(du)要求較低,工(gong)(gong)程實際造(zao)價比同類跨徑(jing)的(de)(de)(de)橋(qiao)、涵(han)洞相近或較低。③施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)期(qi)短(duan)(duan)是顯著(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)上風,土建(jian) 工(gong)(gong)程與管(guan)節(jie)安裝可分開實施(shi)(shi),然后進(jin)(jin)行整體拼裝。④管(guan)壁薄,重量輕,便于(yu)(yu)運輸存放。尺度(du)化(hua)設(she)計,工(gong)(gong)廠規模化(hua)出(chu)產(chan),出(chu)產(chan)周期(qi)短(duan)(duan),效率高,有利于(yu)(yu) 降低本錢,進(jin)(jin)步質量。⑤現(xian)場安裝利便,不需使用(yong)大型(xing)設(she)備。⑥一年(nian)(nian)四季均(jun)可施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong),施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)不受季節(jie)影(ying)響,不受環境影(ying)響。能(neng)(neng)有效解決北(bei)方嚴寒地(di)區(qu)因(yin) 反(fan)復凍脹對混凝土橋(qiao)涵(han)破(po)壞(huai)題目。特(te)別合用(yong)于(yu)(yu)長年(nian)(nian)凍土、膨脹土、軟土、濕陷性黃土等特(te)殊地(di)區(qu),可避(bi)免(mian)地(di)基(ji)變(bian)形(xing)造(zao)成的(de)(de)(de)不平均(jun)沉降對涵(han)洞的(de)(de)(de)破(po)壞(huai)。
4.1 方案(an)(an)(an)(an)設(she)計 ①推薦方案(an)(an)(an)(an)為(wei)鋼(gang)波紋(wen)圓(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)管涵方案(an)(an)(an)(an)。新(xin)修5~4m鋼(gang)波紋(wen)圓(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)管涵,用灰土(tu)將原(yuan)(yuan)路(lu)基填(tian)(tian)起來(lai),重(zhong)新(xin)施工路(lu)面(mian)。②比(bi)較方案(an)(an)(an)(an)一為(wei)原(yuan)(yuan)位(wei)新(xin)建鋼(gang) 筋(jin)混凝土(tu)圓(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)管涵方案(an)(an)(an)(an)。新(xin)修5~4m鋼(gang)筋(jin)混凝土(tu)圓(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)管涵,用灰土(tu)將原(yuan)(yuan)路(lu)基填(tian)(tian)起來(lai),重(zhong)新(xin)施工路(lu)面(mian)。③比(bi)較方案(an)(an)(an)(an)二(er)為(wei)改線方案(an)(an)(an)(an)。根據《S305上馬(ma)橋(qiao)重(zhong)建工 程地質劫難危(wei)險性評估(gu)講演》,在原(yuan)(yuan)橋(qiao)下游350m處安全(quan)區域設(she)置1~20m預(yu)應力簡(jian)支箱梁橋(qiao),兩邊采用引線與(yu)原(yuan)(yuan)路(lu)基連(lian)接。
4 方案設計與比選
原橋已拆除(chu),并修建了便(bian)道。根據西安工(gong)程勘察研究院《S305上馬橋重建工(gong)程地(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)劫(jie)難(nan)危(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)性(xing)(xing)(xing)評(ping)估(gu)(gu)講演》中:本次地(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)劫(jie)難(nan)危(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)性(xing)(xing)(xing)綜(zong) 合評(ping)估(gu)(gu)將評(ping)估(gu)(gu)區(qu)(qu)劃(hua)為(wei)地(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)劫(jie)難(nan)危(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)性(xing)(xing)(xing)大(da)區(qu)(qu)及危(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)性(xing)(xing)(xing)小(xiao)區(qu)(qu),現狀前提下,評(ping)估(gu)(gu)地(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)劫(jie)難(nan)危(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)性(xing)(xing)(xing)小(xiao)區(qu)(qu),場(chang)地(di)(di)相(xiang)宜建設;危(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)性(xing)(xing)(xing)大(da)區(qu)(qu),不相(xiang)宜建設,線路(lu)工(gong) 程應避(bi)開(kai)該區(qu)(qu)。原橋位為(wei)危(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)性(xing)(xing)(xing)大(da)區(qu)(qu),不相(xiang)宜工(gong)程建設。結(jie)合現場(chang)實際情(qing)況,根據業主(zhu)提出的 “安全、合用(yong)(yong)、經(jing)濟、美(mei)觀(guan)、環保”的原則,分別采(cai) 用(yong)(yong)三個方(fang)案進行比較(jiao)。
橋(qiao)梁檢(jian)測(ce)病(bing)害2012年10月,該橋(qiao)因為地基(ji)沉(chen)陷(xian),產生拱(gong)腳(jiao)開(kai)裂、拱(gong)圈橫縫(feng)、拱(gong)上結構開(kai)裂、臺身豎向裂痕、翼(yi)墻縱向水(shui)平開(kai)裂、拱(gong)腳(jiao)滲水(shui)、橋(qiao)面局(ju)部拱(gong)起(qi)、塌(ta) 陷(xian)、沉(chen)降等病(bing)害。西安公路(lu)(lu)研(yan)究院公路(lu)(lu)工程試驗(yan)檢(jian)測(ce)中(zhong)央(yang)根據《公路(lu)(lu)橋(qiao)梁技(ji)術狀(zhuang)況(kuang)評定(ding)尺(chi)度(du)》(JTG/T H21-2011),該橋(qiao)總體技(ji)術狀(zhuang)況(kuang)被評定(ding)為5類 ,屬嚴(yan)峻危橋(qiao)。
橋(qiao)(qiao)梁概(gai)況305省道上馬原橋(qiao)(qiao)位于銅川市印臺區廣陽鎮(zhen)上馬村,原中(zhong)央(yang)樁號為(wei)K32+431.98,橋(qiao)(qiao)長32m。上部結(jie)構(gou)為(wei)1~16m片石混(hun)凝土拱橋(qiao)(qiao),下部結(jie)構(gou)為(wei)U型橋(qiao)(qiao) 臺,C20片石混(hun)凝土基礎,為(wei)跨河橋(qiao)(qiao)梁,2001年建(jian)成通車,已安全運營(ying)14年。
本文結合(he)陜西省銅川市上(shang)馬(ma)橋重(zhong)建(jian)工程實(shi)例(li),具體分(fen)析(xi)比較(jiao)鋼波紋(wen)管涵技術優(you)缺點,以便對類(lei)似工程提供鑒戒。
鋼波紋管有(you)(you)卵形(xing)、圓(yuan)形(xing)、半圓(yuan)形(xing)等,進出(chu)口也可(ke)按照 邊(bian)坡比例做(zuo)成斜口,加工波(bo)紋管管徑范圍準0.5~8m,管壁厚度(du)為(wei)(wei)3~8mm,能(neng)夠(gou)知(zhi)足(zu)填土(tu)0.5m~40m厚的需要(yao)。因為(wei)(wei)鋼(gang)波(bo)紋管涵(han)具有(you)(you)良多的上風,比 如施工工期短、工程造價低(di)(di)、安裝利(li)便、抗變形(xing)能(neng)力強、重量(liang)輕、耐久性(xing)好(hao)、通車(che)后養護本錢低(di)(di)等,所(suo)以采用高強度(du)的鋼(gang)波(bo)紋管涵(han)洞(dong),不(bu)僅可(ke)以有(you)(you)效 解決因為(wei)(wei)地基基礎不(bu)平均沉(chen)降導致的涵(han)洞(dong)破壞題目,還能(neng)夠(gou)使金屬波(bo)紋管涵(han)洞(dong)具有(you)(you)優良的受(shou)力特征,軸向(xiang)和徑向(xiang)同時分(fen)散、補償因荷(he)載引起(qi)的應力應 變,把集中在(zai)荷(he)載上的應力更大限度(du)的分(fen)散開,使鋼(gang)結構的作用充分(fen)的施展出(chu)來,特別是(shi)在(zai)濕陷性(xing)黃土(tu)高寒(han)凍土(tu)、軟土(tu)、膨脹(zhang)土(tu)等地帶,具有(you)(you)良好(hao)的 經(jing)濟效益。
鋼波(bo)紋管涵(han)(han)簡介金屬波(bo)紋管涵(han)(han)作為(wei)一(yi)種(zhong)涵(han)(han)洞形式,是(shi)由波(bo)紋狀管或(huo)由波(bo)紋狀板通過連接、拼裝而成(cheng)的(de)。能(neng)夠替換(huan)蓋板涵(han)(han)、圓(yuan)管涵(han)(han)、拱涵(han)(han)和小(xiao)橋施(shi)展作用,是(shi)一(yi)種(zhong) 新型的(de)優質公(gong)(gong)路(lu)建(jian)材。造(zao)成(cheng)公(gong)(gong)路(lu)涵(han)(han)洞破壞的(de)原因有良多種(zhong),不平均沉(chen)降是(shi)一(yi)個重要原因。
通常公(gong)路(lu)工(gong)(gong)程中(zhong)的涵(han)洞(dong)都(dou)是(shi)由鋼(gang)筋(jin)混(hun)凝土結(jie)構通過預制拼接而成,但(dan)是(shi)因(yin)為鋼(gang)波紋管涵(han)具有(you)機能不亂、安裝利便、有(you)利環保、造價(jia)低等長處(chu),目 前我國良多(duo)工(gong)(gong)程里都(dou)會用(yong)鋼(gang)波紋管涵(han)代替鋼(gang)筋(jin)混(hun)凝土進(jin)行涵(han)洞(dong)施(shi)工(gong)(gong),固然(ran)在公(gong)路(lu)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)中(zhong)采用(yong)鋼(gang)波紋管涵(han)還只有(you)一(yi)項新技術(shu),但(dan)是(shi)具有(you)十分寬闊的發展 遠景。
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