經過(guo)施(shi)工(gong)放樣(yang)、場地平(ping)整、基礎墊層(ceng)填(tian)(tian)筑(zhu)、管身安裝、密(mi)封(feng)膠密(mi)封(feng)、涂刷瀝青、涵管回填(tian)(tian)等(deng)措施(shi),目前該金屬波紋管通道(dao)設施(shi)穩定(ding),建設速(su)度比(bi)砼蓋板涵提前1個多月(yue)時(shi)間建成,有效解決了高填(tian)(tian)方路段傳(chuan)統砼管涵施(shi)工(gong)工(gong)期(qi)長,影(ying)響路基填(tian)(tian)方進度的問題。
鋼波紋(wen)涵管(guan)怎樣(yang)防止局部變形?
此(ci)項(xiang)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)藝不(bu)(bu)受(shou)(shou)外界(jie)環(huan)境影響,使土方施(shi)工(gong)(gong)與管(guan)涵安裝(zhuang)同(tong)步實施(shi),兩者(zhe)“和諧(xie)共處”互不(bu)(bu)干擾,不(bu)(bu)僅加(jia)快(kuai)了施(shi)工(gong)(gong)進度,縮(suo)短了工(gong)(gong)期,也(ye)節省了造價,還有(you)利于控制質量(liang)。波紋涵管(guan)不(bu)(bu)少機器零件,如(ru)(ru)沖(chong)床的(de)(de)連桿、鍛(duan)錘(chui)的(de)(de)錘(chui)頭、火車掛鉤、沖(chong)模等(deng),在(zai)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)時(shi)要承受(shou)(shou)沖(chong)擊(ji)載(zai)荷、如(ru)(ru)果仍(reng)用(yong)靜載(zai)荷作(zuo)用(yong)下的(de)(de)強度極限指標來進行(xing)設計(ji)計(ji)算,就(jiu)不(bu)(bu)能保(bao)證這些零件工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)時(shi)的(de)(de)安全性,必(bi)須同(tong)時(shi)考(kao)慮材料的(de)(de)韌性。
波紋涵(han)管(guan)洛氏(shi)(shi)硬(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)洛氏(shi)(shi)硬(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)試驗(yan)是用一定的載荷(he)將頂角為(wei)120度(du)(du)(du)(du)的金剛石圓(yuan)錐(zhui)體(ti)或直徑為(wei)1.588mm的崔火鋼球壓入被測樣表面,根據(ju)壓痕(hen)的深(shen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)確定它的硬(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)值(zhi)。洛氏(shi)(shi)硬(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)值(zhi)可(ke)從(cong)洛氏(shi)(shi)硬(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)計(ji)刻度(du)(du)(du)(du)盤上直接讀出。波紋涵(han)管(guan)硬(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)也是材料(liao)重要(yao)的力學性能指(zhi)標(biao),硬(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)和強度(du)(du)(du)(du)一樣,都反映(ying)了(le)材料(liao)對塑性變形的抗力,硬(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)試驗(yan)方(fang)法較簡單,又(you)不損壞零件,故在生(sheng)產實(shi)踐(jian)中往(wang)往(wang)通過測定材料(liao)的硬(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)來估算其(qi)強度(du)(du)(du)(du)指(zhi)標(biao)。
鐵(tie)路鋼波紋(wen)管
鑒于(yu)以上特殊情況(kuang),萬宜項目辦(ban)及設計方經過認(ren)真現場(chang)核實,合(he)理進(jin)行變(bian)更,決(jue)定(ding)對該路段(duan)棄用傳統的砼管(guan)涵,采用金(jin)屬波(bo)紋(wen)涵管(guan)作為通道建(jian)設材料。該波(bo)紋(wen)涵管(guan)直徑達6米,長50米,由(you)多片波(bo)形板片用螺栓拼接而成(cheng),其結構(gou)受力(li)(li)情況(kuang)合(he)理,荷載分布均勻,具有一(yi)定(ding)的抗(kang)變(bian)形能(neng)力(li)(li)。
波(bo)紋涵(han)管(guan)硬(ying)度還影響(xiang)到材料(liao)的耐磨性,在一般情況下,硬(ying)度高時其耐磨性能也較好。波(bo)紋涵(han)管(guan)用洛(luo)氏硬(ying)度計可以測量從軟到硬(ying)的各(ge)種(zhong)(zhong)不(bu)同(tong)材料(liao),這(zhe)是因為它采用了不(bu)同(tong)的壓頭和載荷,組成各(ge)種(zhong)(zhong)不(bu)同(tong)的洛(luo)氏硬(ying)度標尺,如HRA、HRB、HRC等。
一般生(sheng)產以HRC(用120度(du)金剛(gang)石圓錐體作壓頭,載(zai)荷為1500N)用得多,波紋涵(han)管(guan)硬度(du)值的(de)(de)標(biao)注方(fang)法(fa)與布氏(shi)硬度(du)相同,硬度(du)值的(de)(de)有效范(fan)圍為20~70HRC。波紋涵(han)管(guan)洛氏(shi)硬度(du)法(fa)的(de)(de)優點:測量簡單(dan)、迅速,并可測薄的(de)(de)試樣和(he)硬的(de)(de)材料(liao),但不如用布氏(shi)硬度(du)法(fa)準確。當(dang)HBS>220時,HRC/HBS約等于1/10。波紋涵(han)管(guan)沖(chong)(chong)擊韌性是指(zhi)材料(liao)抵(di)抗沖(chong)(chong)擊載(zai)荷的(de)(de)能力。
波(bo)紋(wen)涵管目前工(gong)程上通(tong)常(chang)用櫻(ying)錘(chui)(chui)(chui)沖(chong)擊(ji)試驗來測量(liang)材料(liao)的(de)沖(chong)擊(ji)韌性,其(qi)(qi)原理,先將被測材料(liao)制成(cheng)一定形(xing)狀和(he)尺寸的(de)試樣(yang),安(an)放(fang)在沖(chong)擊(ji)試驗機上,把具有一定重(zhong)量(liang)的(de)櫻(ying)錘(chui)(chui)(chui)提到高度(du),此時(shi)擺錘(chui)(chui)(chui)位(wei)能(neng)(neng)為,然后(hou)讓其(qi)(qi)自有下落,沖(chong)斷試樣(yang),沖(chong)斷試樣(yang)后(hou)擺錘(chui)(chui)(chui)剩余的(de)能(neng)(neng)量(liang)為gH2,擺錘(chui)(chui)(chui)沖(chong)斷試樣(yang)所消(xiao)耗(hao)的(de)位(wei)能(neng)(neng)為沖(chong)擊(ji)吸收功(gong),用符號Akv表示,單位(wei)為J,即Akv=g(H1-H2)J。
據了解(jie),由于萬宜高速A3標(biao)14K+220m地(di)處(chu)橫向半填半挖路段,且路基(ji)左右(you)兩測地(di)基(ji)承載力差異大(da)、受力不(bu)均(jun)勻(yun),容易引起不(bu)均(jun)勻(yun)沉降導致傳統砼涵開(kai)裂。同時,應當地(di)村民(min)要求盡快打通這一(yi)通道,便于日常生(sheng)產生(sheng)活。(hanihanbj.com)
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