鋼波紋涵管(guan)的(de)(de)特征(zheng)強(qiang)度高,由于(yu)其獨特的(de)(de)波紋結構使其比同(tong)口徑的(de)(de)水泥管(guan)耐壓(ya)強(qiang)度大15倍以(yi)上(shang)。運(yun)輸(shu)方便(bian),鋼波紋涵管(guan)的(de)(de)重量只(zhi)有(you)同(tong)口徑水泥管(guan)的(de)(de)1/10到1/5,即使在窄的(de)(de)場所沒有(you)運(yun)輸(shu)設(she)備,人工也可運(yun)輸(shu)。
使用壽命長,鋼波紋涵管是采用(yong)(yong)鋼管(guan)熱浸鍍鋅,所(suo)以(yi)使用(yong)(yong)壽命(ming)(ming)長,壽命(ming)(ming)為80-100年,在腐蝕性特別大(da)的(de)環境下使用(yong)(yong)時,采用(yong)(yong)內外表面瀝清附層的(de)鋼制(zhi)波(bo)紋管(guan),可在原使用(yong)(yong)壽命(ming)(ming)基礎上(shang)提高約20年以(yi)上(shang)。
施(shi)工(gong)方(fang)(fang)(fang)便:波紋(wen)管涵是采用套筒或法蘭方(fang)(fang)(fang)式連接(jie),而(er)且(qie)可(ke)以(yi)根據需(xu)要定制長度(du),即(ji)使是非熟練工(gong)也可(ke)以(yi)操作,施(shi)工(gong)以(yi)少量(liang)的手工(gong)操作,可(ke)在短(duan)時間內完(wan)成,既快捷(jie)又(you)方(fang)(fang)(fang)便。優良的經(jing)濟(ji)性:連接(jie)方(fang)(fang)(fang)式簡便,可(ke)縮短(duan)工(gong)期。
波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)管(guan)涵(han)也叫金(jin)屬波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)管(guan)涵(han)或鋼制波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)涵(han)管(guan),是指鋪(pu)埋(mai)在公路(lu)(lu),鐵(tie)路(lu)(lu)下面(mian)的涵(han)洞用(yong)螺紋(wen)(wen)波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)管(guan),它是由(you)波(bo)形金(jin)屬板卷制成(cheng)或用(yong)半圓波(bo)形鋼片拼制成(cheng)的圓形波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)管(guan),應用(yong)于公路(lu)(lu),鐵(tie)路(lu)(lu),小(xiao)橋,通道(dao),擋土(tu)墻(qiang)以及各(ge)種礦場,巷(xiang)道(dao)擋墻(qiang)支護等工程(cheng)中的涵(han)洞(管(guan))。
鋼(gang)(gang)波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋管(guan)(guan)涵(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)在(zai)國內外(wai)(wai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)發展史 1896年(nian)美國率行(xing)鋼(gang)(gang)波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋管(guan)(guan)通(tong)道、鋼(gang)(gang)波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋涵(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)管(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)行(xing)性(xing)(xing)研(yan)究;1923年(nian)美國鐵路工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)協會在(zai)伊利諾斯州的(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)央鐵路應用(yong)鋼(gang)(gang)波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋管(guan)(guan)通(tong)道進(jin)行(xing)實(shi)體(ti)測試;1929年(nian)加拿大(da)首座(zuo)鋼(gang)(gang)波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋管(guan)(guan)用(yong)于(yu)一煤礦中(zhong);1931年(nian)澳大(da)利亞建(jian)成8米汽車通(tong)道一座(zuo);1990年(nian)日(ri)本高(gao)速公路設(she)(she)計(ji)規范(fan)制(zhi)定(ding)了(le)(le)鋼(gang)(gang)波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋管(guan)(guan)設(she)(she)計(ji)技術規范(fan),隨(sui)著(zhu)鋼(gang)(gang)波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋管(guan)(guan)在(zai)世界各地的(de)(de)(de)(de)安裝(zhuang)使用(yong),證(zheng)明了(le)(le)此(ci)種(zhong)結構在(zai)各種(zhong)使用(yong)情況下的(de)(de)(de)(de)通(tong)用(yong)性(xing)(xing),而且其(qi)壽命(ming)已(yi)超過了(le)(le)設(she)(she)計(ji)壽命(ming)。我國使用(yong)金屬(shu)波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋管(guan)(guan)涵(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)是(shi)從2001年(nian)以后(hou)(hou),通(tong)過近幾年(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)市(shi)場開發,已(yi)在(zai)河北、內蒙古、青海、寧夏、新(xin)疆(jiang)、西(xi)藏等省(sheng)市(shi)區的(de)(de)(de)(de)公路建(jian)設(she)(she)中(zhong)得到(dao)應用(yong)。 鋼(gang)(gang)波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋管(guan)(guan)涵(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)及(ji)安裝(zhuang): 1.涵(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)洞(dong)(dong)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)前(qian)準備(bei)相(xiang)(xiang)關材料(liao),人員及(ji)設(she)(she)備(bei)進(jin)場,并做好施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)安全防護工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo),對(dui)路基(ji)(ji)邊坡(po)進(jin)行(xing)圍網保護,防止(zhi)石(shi)塊等物體(ti)下滑(hua)傷人。 2.基(ji)(ji)礎處理:可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)回(hui)填砂(sha)(sha)(sha)礫或(huo)(huo)砌筑(zhu)片石(shi)砼(tong),對(dui)基(ji)(ji)底(di)進(jin)行(xing)平(ping)整,換填30-50cm厚的(de)(de)(de)(de)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)礫材料(liao),密(mi)實(shi)度(du)(du)(du)達到(dao)90%以上,選擇適當的(de)(de)(de)(de)流水縱坡(po)3%左(zuo)右,定(ding)出每道涵(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)的(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)線和(he)邊線。 3.波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋管(guan)(guan)涵(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)時(shi)(shi)(shi),采(cai)(cai)用(yong)分段施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)方法(fa),預先在(zai)原(yuan)拱涵(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)基(ji)(ji)底(di)用(yong)角鋼(gang)(gang)并排兩(liang)根,長(chang)度(du)(du)(du)根據涵(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)長(chang)確定(ding),作(zuo)涵(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)管(guan)(guan)推進(jin)時(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)滑(hua)軌,波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋涵(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)管(guan)(guan)管(guan)(guan)徑根據工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)需要(yao)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)有(you)不同的(de)(de)(de)(de)規格,整裝(zhuang)管(guan)(guan)管(guan)(guan)徑為0.5m-2.5m,每節(jie)長(chang)度(du)(du)(du)3.06米,采(cai)(cai)用(yong)內(外(wai)(wai))法(fa)蘭螺栓連(lian)(lian)(lian)接(jie),拼裝(zhuang)管(guan)(guan)管(guan)(guan)徑為3m-8m,板與(yu)板搭(da)接(jie)高(gao)強螺栓緊固。 4.如(ru)果涵(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)長(chang)小于(yu)30米,波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋管(guan)(guan)涵(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)兩(liang)側(ce)與(yu)原(yuan)涵(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)寬(kuan)度(du)(du)(du)大(da)于(yu)80cm,可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)將整道波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋管(guan)(guan)涵(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)在(zai)下游(you)或(huo)(huo)上游(you)向一端推進(jin),就(jiu)位(wei)以后(hou)(hou),再進(jin)行(xing)一端擋墻的(de)(de)(de)(de)砌筑(zhu),四周的(de)(de)(de)(de)回(hui)填工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo),可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)回(hui)填沙(sha)(sha)礫、碎石(shi)土、砌筑(zhu)片石(shi)等。頂部采(cai)(cai)用(yong)砌片石(shi)或(huo)(huo)高(gao)壓(ya)泵(beng)送膨(peng)脹(zhang)水泥(ni)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)漿。 5.如(ru)果涵(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)長(chang)大(da)于(yu)30米,波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋管(guan)(guan)涵(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)兩(liang)側(ce)與(yu)原(yuan)涵(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)寬(kuan)度(du)(du)(du)小于(yu)80cm,可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)將3m-6m長(chang)涵(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)管(guan)(guan)在(zai)下游(you)或(huo)(huo)上游(you)向一端推進(jin),就(jiu)位(wei)以后(hou)(hou)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以將其(qi)固定(ding),砌筑(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)片石(shi)端墻,波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋管(guan)(guan)涵(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)的(de)(de)(de)(de)另一端與(yu)涵(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)洞(dong)(dong)間(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)間(jian)(jian)距用(yong)沙(sha)(sha)袋或(huo)(huo)漿砌片石(shi)擋住,寬(kuan)度(du)(du)(du)50cm,然后(hou)(hou)開始(shi)回(hui)填。兩(liang)側(ce)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)用(yong)粗沙(sha)(sha)水密(mi)法(fa)密(mi)實(shi)或(huo)(huo)澆注混凝(ning)土震動(dong)棒搗實(shi)。頂部采(cai)(cai)用(yong)高(gao)壓(ya)泵(beng)送膨(peng)脹(zhang)水泥(ni)沙(sha)(sha)漿。該節(jie)管(guan)(guan)四周填筑(zhu)完(wan)畢后(hou)(hou),將第二節(jie)運至(zhi),進(jin)行(xing)兩(liang)管(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)連(lian)(lian)(lian)接(jie),連(lian)(lian)(lian)接(jie)完(wan)畢后(hou)(hou),以上述相(xiang)(xiang)同的(de)(de)(de)(de)方法(fa)進(jin)行(xing)回(hui)填,依(yi)此(ci)順序(xu)完(wan)成管(guan)(guan)道波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋管(guan)(guan)涵(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)的(de)(de)(de)(de)修建(jian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)。
波紋管涵(han)是與(yu)鋼(gang)筋混凝(ning)土管涵(han)相比,具有管節薄,重量輕,便于運輸存(cun)放,施工工藝簡(jian)單,組(zu)裝快(kuai)速,工期短等(deng)優點(dian)。
建筑(zhu)波紋管(guan)時,可(ke)(ke)根(gen)據(ju)需要隨意組裝(zhuang)成任(ren)何長度,必要時,管(guan)節還可(ke)(ke)拆除,遷往別處修建,在缺乏(fa)砂石材料(liao)地區或地基承載力較(jiao)低的地區,波紋管(guan)涵的優越性更為顯(xian)著。
鋼(gang)(gang)波紋(wen)涵管(guan)(guan)在國外(wai)的(de)(de)(de)公路、鐵(tie)路和房屋建工程中(zhong)早已被方泛采用,一些發達(da) 不僅(jin)設(she)(she)有(you)制造波紋(wen)管(guan)(guan)節(jie)的(de)(de)(de)工廠,而且有(you)些 發布了波紋(wen)管(guan)(guan)涵的(de)(de)(de)設(she)(she)計與施工規范或規程。我國解放(fang)前公路、鐵(tie)路部門也(ye)曾使用過國外(wai)進口的(de)(de)(de)波紋(wen)管(guan)(guan)管(guan)(guan)節(jie)。目(mu)前我國已有(you)專門生(sheng)產波紋(wen)管(guan)(guan)涵的(de)(de)(de)工廠,鑒于(yu)這(zhe)種管(guan)(guan)涵的(de)(de)(de)許多優(you)點,我國鋼(gang)(gang)材產量已跨居世界前列,在我國推廣應用波紋(wen)管(guan)(guan)涵的(de)(de)(de)前景是非常(chang)廣闊(kuo)的(de)(de)(de)。
鋼波紋涵管不少機器零(ling)件,如(ru)沖床的(de)連(lian)桿、鍛錘(chui)的(de)錘(chui)頭、火車掛鉤、沖模等,在工作(zuo)時要承受沖擊(ji)載(zai)荷、如(ru)果(guo)仍(reng)用靜載(zai)荷作(zuo)用下(xia)的(de)強度限(xian)指(zhi)標來進(jin)行設計計算,就不能(neng)保證(zheng)這(zhe)些零(ling)件工作(zuo)時的(de)安全性,必須(xu)同時考慮材(cai)料(liao)的(de)韌性。波紋涵管沖擊(ji)韌性波紋涵管沖擊(ji)韌性是指(zhi)材(cai)料(liao)抵抗(kang)沖擊(ji)載(zai)荷的(de)能(neng)力。
鋼波紋涵(han)管(guan)(guan)出廠時,涵(han)管(guan)(guan)及(ji)配件均經過熱(re)浸鍍(du)鋅(xin)處理,鍍(du)鋅(xin)層平均厚(hou)度(du)大(da)于84μm,在(zai)沒有亂石沖刷的(de)(de)情況下(xia),它的(de)(de)鍍(du)鋅(xin)層就(jiu)可防止銹蝕。目前內涵(han)管(guan)(guan)出廠前,根據鋼管(guan)(guan)管(guan)(guan)壁(bi)(bi)每年蝕耗(hao)厚(hou)度(du)0.01-0.03mm,都比外涵(han)管(guan)(guan)做的(de)(de)要保守,比正常管(guan)(guan)壁(bi)(bi)厚(hou)度(du)增(zeng)加了0.5mm,可提(ti)高使(shi)用壽命(ming),而且涵(han)管(guan)(guan)運至(zhi)施工現場后,工地涂涮(shuan)兩遍瀝青,瀝青涂層厚(hou)度(du)達到0.3-0.5mm。
并且根據內車輛超載運輸的實際情況,還對YTHG鋼波紋涵管的技術參數(波距、波深、壁厚)進行了調整,增大了涵管在內使用的保險系數。以上幾種措施即可滿足使用要求,使用壽命完全能適合公路的需求,更能滿足受流石沖刷的涵洞,確保流石對涵管管壁的沖擊。//hanihanbj.com/
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