公路工程的一般采用鋼筋混凝土制作。現采用鋼波紋涵管代替(ti)鋼筋混(hun)凝土(tu)(tu)進行(xing)涵洞(dong)施工在(zai)國內時一項(xiang)新技術,以其性能穩定(ding)、安裝方便、有利環(huan)保、造價(jia)低(di)等(deng)優點迅速在(zai)公路施工中代替(ti)了鋼筋混(hun)凝土(tu)(tu)施工的(de)涵洞(dong),發展前景非常(chang)廣闊。在(zai)公路施工中,應(ying)用(yong)鋼波紋(wen)涵管(guan)代替(ti)鋼筋混(hun)凝土(tu)(tu)進行(xing)涵洞(dong)施工的(de)歷史(shi)已經有100多年了。
1896年,美國(guo)(guo)率(lv)行(xing)波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋(wen)(wen)涵(han)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)通(tong)道、涵(han)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)可行(xing)性(xing)研究。其(qi)后,在(zai)(zai)美國(guo)(guo)、加拿大(da)、澳大(da)利亞等國(guo)(guo)的(de)公(gong)路(lu)(lu)建設(she)(she)中,均采(cai)用(yong)了鋼(gang)(gang)波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋(wen)(wen)涵(han)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)進(jin)行(xing)涵(han)洞的(de)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)。1990年,日(ri)本高速公(gong)路(lu)(lu)設(she)(she)計(ji),規范制定了波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋(wen)(wen)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)涵(han)設(she)(she)計(ji)技(ji)術規范。隨著(zhu)在(zai)(zai)世界(jie)各地的(de)安裝(zhuang)使用(yong),證明(ming)了此種結構在(zai)(zai)各種使用(yong)情況下的(de)通(tong)用(yong)性(xing)。在(zai)(zai)我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)改革(ge)開放后,深圳及大(da)同煤礦開始從(cong)國(guo)(guo)外(wai)進(jin)口(kou)成(cheng)品(pin)波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋(wen)(wen)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)涵(han)進(jin)行(xing)涵(han)洞施(shi)工(gong)(gong)。之(zhi)后,上(shang)海市公(gong)路(lu)(lu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)處、上(shang)海市政(zheng)工(gong)(gong)程設(she)(she)計(ji)研究院、上(shang)海同濟大(da)學(xue)對金屬波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋(wen)(wen)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)涵(han)進(jin)行(xing)了動、靜載試(shi)驗,結果表明(ming)能滿足設(she)(she)計(ji)使用(yong)要求,填補(bu)了國(guo)(guo)內的(de)空白,且迅(xun)速得到(dao)(dao)推廣應(ying)用(yong)。幕墻一貫反應(ying)用(yong)于我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)各地公(gong)路(lu)(lu)設(she)(she)施(shi)建設(she)(she)當(dang)中。鋼(gang)(gang)波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋(wen)(wen)涵(han)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)投入(ru)到(dao)(dao)了青海公(gong)路(lu)(lu)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)當(dang)中,三(san)年的(de)實踐證明(ming),鋼(gang)(gang)波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋(wen)(wen)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)涵(han)在(zai)(zai)北方寒(han)冷地區完(wan)全符合公(gong)路(lu)(lu)建設(she)(she)當(dang)中的(de)涵(han)洞施(shi)工(gong)(gong)要求。陜西通(tong)途交通(tong)設(she)(she)施(shi)有限(xian)公(gong)司是一家生產(chan)公(gong)路(lu)(lu)涵(han)洞通(tong)道用(yong)波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋(wen)(wen)鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(板(ban))的(de)企業,主要產(chan)品(pin)包括公(gong)路(lu)(lu)涵(han)洞通(tong)道用(yong)波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋(wen)(wen)鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(板(ban))、相關配(pei)套設(she)(she)施(shi)有橋梁(liang)支座(zuo)、伸縮縫、鋼(gang)(gang)波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋(wen)(wen)腹(fu)板(ban)橋、聲屏障、鋼(gang)(gang)便橋、土工(gong)(gong)材(cai)料(liao)、防水材(cai)料(liao)、金屬掛(gua)網、防眩板(ban)、公(gong)路(lu)(lu)護欄等交通(tong)基礎設(she)(she)施(shi)和其(qi)他相應(ying)的(de)基礎設(she)(she)施(shi)。
實踐(jian)證明,用鋼波紋涵(han)管(guan)代替鋼筋混(hun)凝土進行涵(han)洞施工,無論從施工周期、施工造價(jia)、環保意義等方面都有其不可比擬的(de)優越性,且用進行涵(han)洞施工,可大大提高道路(lu)行車的(de)舒適度與安(an)全(quan)性,避(bi)免道路(lu)中(zhong)涵(han)洞的(de)“錯(cuo)臺跳車”現(xian)形(xing),有利于(yu)解決西北地(di)區(qu)寒冷霜凍對砼(tong)管(guan)涵(han)結構的(de)破壞問(wen)題。
隨著公(gong)路(lu)建(jian)設、設計(ji)、施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)理(li)念的(de)(de)日(ri)趨完善,“設計(ji)簡潔、施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)方(fang)便”的(de)(de)設計(ji)思想被應(ying)用。簡潔便于施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)圖設計(ji)是(shi)縮短工(gong)(gong)(gong)期、降低成本(ben)的(de)(de)有效途徑。水是(shi)影響路(lu)基強度和(he)(he)穩定性的(de)(de)一(yi)個重要因素(su),在(zai)公(gong)路(lu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)中圓管(guan)涵(han)(han)(han)是(shi)排除地表(biao)水普遍的(de)(de)應(ying)用方(fang)式。當前,鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)筋(jin)混凝土圓管(guan)涵(han)(han)(han)自身笨重,在(zai)運輸、安裝(zhuang)、施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)等方(fang)面比較繁瑣。另外施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)成本(ben)也比較高。隨著鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)波紋(wen)涵(han)(han)(han)管(guan)的(de)(de)問世,鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)波紋(wen)涵(han)(han)(han)管(guan)逐漸(jian)取代了鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)筋(jin)混凝土圓涵(han)(han)(han)管(guan)在(zai)鐵(tie)路(lu)、公(gong)路(lu)等道路(lu)上的(de)(de)應(ying)用。本(ben)文結合甘肅省(sheng)合作市至冶力關鎮二(er)級公(gong)路(lu)改(gai)建(jian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(以下稱(cheng)本(ben)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng))實際施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)情況(kuang)對鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)波紋(wen)涵(han)(han)(han)管(guan)的(de)(de)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝和(he)(he)技(ji)術要求進(jin)行淺(qian)談。
鋼波紋涵管介紹
鋼波紋涵管(YTHG)是(shi)替代圓管(guan)涵、蓋板涵、拱涵和(he)(he)小橋的(de)優(you)質公路和(he)(he)鐵路建筑材(cai)料。該產品(pin)具有(you)工(gong)期短、重量輕、安(an)裝(zhuang)方便、耐久(jiu)性好、工(gong)程造價低、抗變(bian)形能力強(qiang)、減(jian)少通車后養(yang)護(hu)成本等特點,尤其應用在高寒凍土(tu)(tu)地(di)區,軟土(tu)(tu)路基地(di)帶(dai),具有(you)明顯的(de)經濟效益。鋼波紋(wen)涵管(guan)有(you)圓形、橢圓形、半(ban)圓形等,進出口也可按照邊坡(po)比例做成斜口,加工(gong)波紋(wen)管(guan)管(guan)徑(jing)范(fan)圍Φ0.5m~Φ8m,管(guan)壁厚度為3mm~7mm,能夠滿(man)足填土(tu)(tu)0.5m~40m厚的(de)需要。
公路(lu)工程的(de)涵(han)洞普(pu)通采用鋼筋混(hun)凝土制(zhi)造。現采用鋼波(bo)紋涵(han)管替代鋼筋混(hun)凝土停(ting)止涵(han)洞施工在(zai)國際時一項(xiang)新技術,鋼波(bo)紋涵(han)管以(yi)其功(gong)能波(bo)動、裝置(zhi)方(fang)便、有利環保、造價高(gao)等優點迅速(su)在(zai)公路(lu)施工中替代了鋼筋混(hun)凝土施工的(de)涵(han)洞,開展(zhan)前景十分寬廣。
在公路(lu)施工中,使(shi)(shi)用鋼波(bo)紋涵(han)管(guan)替(ti)代鋼筋混(hun)凝土停(ting)止涵(han)洞施工的歷史曾經有100多年了。在我(wo)國變革開(kai)(kai)放后(hou),開(kai)(kai)端從國外(wai)出(chu)口成(cheng)品(pin)波(bo)紋管(guan)涵(han)停(ting)止涵(han)洞施工。之后(hou),交通部迷信技術研討(tao)院對金屬波(bo)紋管(guan)涵(han)停(ting)止了動、靜(jing)載(zai)實驗,后(hou)果標明(ming)能滿足設計(ji)運用要求,填補了國際(ji)的空白,且迅速失(shi)掉推(tui)行(xing)使(shi)(shi)用。
理論證(zheng)明,用鋼波(bo)紋(wen)涵(han)(han)管(guan)(guan)替代鋼筋混凝(ning)土停止涵(han)(han)洞施工(gong),無論從(cong)施工(gong)周期(qi)、施工(gong)造(zao)價、環保(bao)意(yi)義等方(fang)面都(dou)有(you)(you)其不(bu)可(ke)(ke)比(bi)較的(de)優越性(xing),且(qie)用鋼波(bo)紋(wen)涵(han)(han)管(guan)(guan)停止涵(han)(han)洞施工(gong),可(ke)(ke)大大進步路途行(xing)車(che)的(de)舒過(guo)度與平安性(xing),防止路途中(zhong)(zhong)涵(han)(han)洞的(de)“錯臺跳車(che)”現形,有(you)(you)利于處理冰冷霜(shuang)凍地域(yu)對砼管(guan)(guan)涵(han)(han)構造(zao)的(de)毀壞(huai)成績(ji)。鋼波(bo)紋(wen)涵(han)(han)管(guan)(guan)洞次要在我國南方(fang)冰冷霜(shuang)凍地域(yu)逐漸失掉(diao)推行(xing)運(yun)用,有(you)(you)關科研設計部(bu)門正在編(bian)寫鋼波(bo)紋(wen)涵(han)(han)管(guan)(guan)的(de)計、施工(gong)標準。置信隨著(zhu)對構造(zao)耐(nai)久性(xing)看法(fa)的(de)逐漸進步,鋼波(bo)紋(wen)涵(han)(han)管(guan)(guan)在公路或其他工(gong)程中(zhong)(zhong)將具有(you)(you)更寬廣(guang)的(de)使用前景。
經過鋼波紋涵管的施工,既放慢了施工進度,較同類型蓋板涵、拱涵施工比擬具有工期短、造價低、耐久性好、對地基擾動小、對根底要求較高等優點,又給其上的高填方提供了充沛的施工工夫,大大延長了工期,從總體工程思索浪費了投資,是普通涵管無法相比的,在公路新、改建工程、養護大中修工程中發揚了重要的作用。//hanihanbj.com/
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