公路工程的一般采用鋼筋混凝土制作。現采用鋼波紋涵管代(dai)(dai)替(ti)(ti)(ti)鋼筋混(hun)凝(ning)(ning)土進行涵洞(dong)施(shi)工(gong)在(zai)國內時一項(xiang)新技術，以其性(xing)能穩定(ding)、安(an)裝方(fang)便、有(you)利環(huan)保、造價低等優點迅速在(zai)公(gong)(gong)路施(shi)工(gong)中代(dai)(dai)替(ti)(ti)(ti)了(le)鋼筋混(hun)凝(ning)(ning)土施(shi)工(gong)的涵洞(dong)，發展前景非常廣(guang)闊(kuo)。在(zai)公(gong)(gong)路施(shi)工(gong)中，應用(yong)鋼波紋涵管代(dai)(dai)替(ti)(ti)(ti)鋼筋混(hun)凝(ning)(ning)土進行涵洞(dong)施(shi)工(gong)的歷史已經有(you)100多年了(le)。

新技術材料，鋼波紋涵管代替鋼筋混凝土

1896年，美國(guo)率行(xing)波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋涵(han)(han)(han)管(guan)(guan)通道(dao)、涵(han)(han)(han)管(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)可行(xing)性研究。其后(hou)，在美國(guo)、加(jia)拿(na)大、澳大利亞等(deng)國(guo)的(de)(de)(de)公(gong)(gong)路(lu)建設(she)(she)(she)中，均(jun)采用(yong)(yong)了(le)鋼(gang)波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋涵(han)(han)(han)管(guan)(guan)進行(xing)涵(han)(han)(han)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)。1990年，日本高(gao)速(su)公(gong)(gong)路(lu)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)，規范(fan)制定了(le)波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋管(guan)(guan)涵(han)(han)(han)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)技術規范(fan)。隨著(zhu)在世(shi)界各(ge)地(di)的(de)(de)(de)安裝使(shi)用(yong)(yong)，證明(ming)了(le)此種結構在各(ge)種使(shi)用(yong)(yong)情況(kuang)下的(de)(de)(de)通用(yong)(yong)性。在我國(guo)改革開放后(hou)，深(shen)圳及大同煤礦開始(shi)從國(guo)外(wai)進口成(cheng)品(pin)波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋管(guan)(guan)涵(han)(han)(han)進行(xing)涵(han)(han)(han)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)。之后(hou)，上(shang)海市(shi)公(gong)(gong)路(lu)管(guan)(guan)理處、上(shang)海市(shi)政(zheng)工(gong)程設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)研究院(yuan)、上(shang)海同濟大學對(dui)金(jin)屬波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋管(guan)(guan)涵(han)(han)(han)進行(xing)了(le)動、靜載試驗，結果表明(ming)能滿足設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)要(yao)求，填補了(le)國(guo)內的(de)(de)(de)空白，且迅速(su)得到推廣(guang)應用(yong)(yong)。幕墻一貫反應用(yong)(yong)于我國(guo)各(ge)地(di)公(gong)(gong)路(lu)設(she)(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)(shi)建設(she)(she)(she)當(dang)中。鋼(gang)波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋涵(han)(han)(han)管(guan)(guan)投入(ru)到了(le)青海公(gong)(gong)路(lu)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)當(dang)中，三年的(de)(de)(de)實踐(jian)證明(ming)，鋼(gang)波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋管(guan)(guan)涵(han)(han)(han)在北方(fang)寒冷地(di)區完全符合公(gong)(gong)路(lu)建設(she)(she)(she)當(dang)中的(de)(de)(de)涵(han)(han)(han)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)要(yao)求。陜西通途交(jiao)通設(she)(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)(shi)有限公(gong)(gong)司是一家生產公(gong)(gong)路(lu)涵(han)(han)(han)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)通道(dao)用(yong)(yong)波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)（板(ban)(ban)）的(de)(de)(de)企業，主要(yao)產品(pin)包括(kuo)公(gong)(gong)路(lu)涵(han)(han)(han)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)通道(dao)用(yong)(yong)波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)（板(ban)(ban)）、相(xiang)關配套設(she)(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)(shi)有橋梁(liang)支座、伸縮縫、鋼(gang)波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋腹板(ban)(ban)橋、聲屏障、鋼(gang)便橋、土工(gong)材(cai)料、防(fang)水材(cai)料、金(jin)屬掛(gua)網、防(fang)眩板(ban)(ban)、公(gong)(gong)路(lu)護欄等(deng)交(jiao)通基礎設(she)(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)(shi)和其他相(xiang)應的(de)(de)(de)基礎設(she)(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)(shi)。

實踐證明，用鋼波紋涵(han)管(guan)代替鋼筋(jin)混凝土進行涵(han)洞(dong)施(shi)工(gong)，無論從施(shi)工(gong)周期、施(shi)工(gong)造價、環保意義等方面都有其不可比擬的優越(yue)性(xing)，且(qie)用進行涵(han)洞(dong)施(shi)工(gong)，可大大提高(gao)道路行車的舒適度與安(an)全性(xing)，避免(mian)道路中涵(han)洞(dong)的“錯臺跳車”現形，有利于解決西(xi)北地(di)區寒冷霜凍對砼(tong)管(guan)涵(han)結構的破壞問(wen)題(ti)。

隨著公路(lu)(lu)建設、設計(ji)(ji)、施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)理(li)念的(de)(de)日趨(qu)完善,“設計(ji)(ji)簡潔、施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)方(fang)便(bian)”的(de)(de)設計(ji)(ji)思想被(bei)應用(yong)(yong)。簡潔便(bian)于(yu)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)圖設計(ji)(ji)是縮短工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)期、降低成(cheng)本的(de)(de)有效途徑。水(shui)是影響(xiang)路(lu)(lu)基強度和穩定(ding)性的(de)(de)一(yi)個重(zhong)要因素,在(zai)公路(lu)(lu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)中圓(yuan)(yuan)管涵(han)是排除地(di)表(biao)水(shui)普遍的(de)(de)應用(yong)(yong)方(fang)式。當(dang)前,鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)筋(jin)混凝土圓(yuan)(yuan)管涵(han)自身笨重(zhong)，在(zai)運輸、安裝、施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序等(deng)方(fang)面比(bi)較繁瑣。另外施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)成(cheng)本也(ye)比(bi)較高。隨著鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)波(bo)紋涵(han)管的(de)(de)問世(shi)，鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)波(bo)紋涵(han)管逐(zhu)漸取代了鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)筋(jin)混凝土圓(yuan)(yuan)涵(han)管在(zai)鐵路(lu)(lu)、公路(lu)(lu)等(deng)道(dao)路(lu)(lu)上(shang)的(de)(de)應用(yong)(yong)。本文結合甘肅省合作市至冶力關(guan)鎮二級公路(lu)(lu)改建工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)（以下稱(cheng)本工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)）實際施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)情況對鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)波(bo)紋涵(han)管的(de)(de)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝和技術要求進行淺(qian)談。

鋼波紋涵管介紹

鋼波紋涵管（YTHG）是替代(dai)圓(yuan)管涵(han)、蓋板(ban)涵(han)、拱涵(han)和小橋(qiao)的(de)優質(zhi)公路(lu)和鐵路(lu)建(jian)筑材料。該產品(pin)具有工期短、重量輕(qing)、安裝方(fang)便、耐久性(xing)好、工程造(zao)價低、抗(kang)變形能(neng)力(li)強、減少(shao)通車后(hou)養(yang)護成(cheng)本等特(te)點，尤(you)其應用在高寒凍土(tu)地(di)區，軟土(tu)路(lu)基地(di)帶，具有明顯的(de)經濟效(xiao)益。鋼波紋涵(han)管有圓(yuan)形、橢(tuo)圓(yuan)形、半圓(yuan)形等，進出口(kou)也可按照邊坡比例做成(cheng)斜口(kou)，加工波紋管管徑范圍Φ0.5m～Φ8m，管壁(bi)厚(hou)度為3mm～7mm，能(neng)夠滿(man)足填土(tu)0.5m～40m厚(hou)的(de)需(xu)要。

公路(lu)(lu)工程的涵(han)洞(dong)普通采用鋼筋混凝(ning)(ning)土制(zhi)造(zao)。現采用鋼波紋涵(han)管替代(dai)鋼筋混凝(ning)(ning)土停(ting)止涵(han)洞(dong)施(shi)(shi)工在(zai)國(guo)際(ji)時一項新(xin)技術，鋼波紋涵(han)管以其功(gong)能波動、裝置(zhi)方便(bian)、有利環保、造(zao)價高等優點迅(xun)速在(zai)公路(lu)(lu)施(shi)(shi)工中替代(dai)了(le)鋼筋混凝(ning)(ning)土施(shi)(shi)工的涵(han)洞(dong)，開展前(qian)景十分寬廣。

在公路施(shi)工中，使用鋼(gang)波(bo)紋(wen)涵(han)(han)管(guan)替代鋼(gang)筋混凝土(tu)停(ting)止(zhi)涵(han)(han)洞施(shi)工的歷史曾經有100多年(nian)了。在我國變革(ge)開(kai)放后，開(kai)端從國外出口(kou)成品波(bo)紋(wen)管(guan)涵(han)(han)停(ting)止(zhi)涵(han)(han)洞施(shi)工。之(zhi)后，交通部(bu)迷(mi)信技術研討院對金屬波(bo)紋(wen)管(guan)涵(han)(han)停(ting)止(zhi)了動、靜載實驗(yan)，后果標明(ming)能滿足設計(ji)運用要求，填補了國際的空白，且迅速失掉推(tui)行使用。

理(li)論證(zheng)明，用(yong)鋼(gang)波紋(wen)(wen)涵(han)(han)管替代鋼(gang)筋混凝土停止(zhi)涵(han)(han)洞(dong)施(shi)工(gong)，無論從施(shi)工(gong)周期、施(shi)工(gong)造價、環(huan)保意義等方(fang)(fang)面都有其不可比較的(de)優越性(xing)，且(qie)用(yong)鋼(gang)波紋(wen)(wen)涵(han)(han)管停止(zhi)涵(han)(han)洞(dong)施(shi)工(gong)，可大(da)大(da)進(jin)步路途(tu)行(xing)車的(de)舒(shu)過度與平安性(xing)，防止(zhi)路途(tu)中(zhong)(zhong)涵(han)(han)洞(dong)的(de)“錯(cuo)臺跳(tiao)車”現形(xing)，有利于處理(li)冰(bing)冷(leng)霜凍(dong)地域對砼(tong)管涵(han)(han)構造的(de)毀壞成績(ji)。鋼(gang)波紋(wen)(wen)涵(han)(han)管洞(dong)次(ci)要在我國南方(fang)(fang)冰(bing)冷(leng)霜凍(dong)地域逐(zhu)漸失掉(diao)推行(xing)運用(yong)，有關(guan)科研設計(ji)部門正在編(bian)寫鋼(gang)波紋(wen)(wen)涵(han)(han)管的(de)計(ji)、施(shi)工(gong)標準。置信(xin)隨(sui)著對構造耐久性(xing)看法(fa)的(de)逐(zhu)漸進(jin)步，鋼(gang)波紋(wen)(wen)涵(han)(han)管在公(gong)路或其他(ta)工(gong)程中(zhong)(zhong)將具有更寬廣的(de)使用(yong)前景。

經過鋼波紋涵管的施工，既放慢了施工進度，較同類型蓋板涵、拱涵施工比擬具有工期短、造價低、耐久性好、對地基擾動小、對根底要求較高等優點,又給其上的高填方提供了充沛的施工工夫，大大延長了工期，從總體工程思索浪費了投資，是普通涵管無法相比的，在公路新、改建工程、養護大中修工程中發揚了重要的作用。//hanihanbj.com/