鋼波紋管液壓(ya)成(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)工藝的(de)樞紐是(shi)階段的(de)成(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)壓(ya)力(li)和脹(zhang)形(xing)(xing)(xing)程(cheng)度(du)，通過成(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)壓(ya)力(li)來控制脹(zhang)形(xing)(xing)(xing)程(cheng)度(du)，假(jia)如脹(zhang)形(xing)(xing)(xing)程(cheng)度(du)較大，管材輕易破(po)裂，假(jia)如脹(zhang)形(xing)(xing)(xing)程(cheng)度(du)太(tai)小，脹(zhang)形(xing)(xing)(xing)沒有(you)起到軸向(xiang)定位作用(yong)，成(cheng)型之后的(de)波(bo)(bo)紋管波(bo)(bo)紋不齊，成(cheng)品率(lv)比較低(di)。

拼裝鋼波紋管的運輸優勢還是非常明顯的

鋼波紋管液壓(ya)(ya)(ya)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)屬于極薄(bo)壁管(guan)的(de)(de)(de)液壓(ya)(ya)(ya)復(fu)合脹(zhang)(zhang)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，是(shi)軟模(mo)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)技(ji)(ji)術的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)。它以(yi)液壓(ya)(ya)(ya)流體(ti)為軟模(mo)，以(yi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)凹模(mo)為硬模(mo)。液壓(ya)(ya)(ya)脹(zhang)(zhang)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)主(zhu)要有兩個階(jie)段，脹(zhang)(zhang)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)階(jie)段，管(guan)材(cai)(cai)(cai)兩端和(he)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)模(mo)具都固(gu)定不動，極薄(bo)壁管(guan)在模(mo)具的(de)(de)(de)限(xian)制(zhi)和(he)管(guan)內(nei)的(de)(de)(de)液體(ti)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)的(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)(yong)下(xia)(xia)進(jin)(jin)行徑向(xiang)(xiang)膨脹(zhang)(zhang)。脹(zhang)(zhang)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)程(cheng)(cheng)度比較(jiao)小，其(qi)目的(de)(de)(de)就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)讓成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)模(mo)具在管(guan)材(cai)(cai)(cai)上軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)向(xiang)(xiang)定位(wei)。成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)第二個階(jie)段，管(guan)材(cai)(cai)(cai)在內(nei)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)和(he)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)向(xiang)(xiang)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)的(de)(de)(de)復(fu)合作用(yong)(yong)下(xia)(xia)，進(jin)(jin)一(yi)(yi)步(bu)(bu)進(jin)(jin)行脹(zhang)(zhang)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。在此階(jie)段，在軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)向(xiang)(xiang)力(li)的(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)(yong)下(xia)(xia)，成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)凹模(mo)進(jin)(jin)行軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)向(xiang)(xiang)移(yi)動，知道各個成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)凹模(mo)相互(hu)貼合在一(yi)(yi)起，成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)完(wan)畢。在此階(jie)段，管(guan)材(cai)(cai)(cai)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)向(xiang)(xiang)縮(suo)短，在波(bo)紋(wen)處(chu)(chu)徑向(xiang)(xiang)擴(kuo)脹(zhang)(zhang)。根據金屬成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)原理，金屬在塑(su)性成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)中體(ti)積不變，波(bo)紋(wen)管(guan)徑向(xiang)(xiang)擴(kuo)脹(zhang)(zhang)需(xu)要的(de)(de)(de)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)通(tong)過(guo)管(guan)材(cai)(cai)(cai)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)向(xiang)(xiang)縮(suo)短來增補，而軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)向(xiang)(xiang)加壓(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)脹(zhang)(zhang)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)促進(jin)(jin)這種(zhong)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)轉移(yi)的(de)(de)(de)順利進(jin)(jin)行。軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)向(xiang)(xiang)加壓(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)脹(zhang)(zhang)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)可以(yi)進(jin)(jin)步(bu)(bu)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)的(de)(de)(de)脹(zhang)(zhang)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)程(cheng)(cheng)度，可以(yi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)波(bo)紋(wen)深度較(jiao)深的(de)(de)(de)波(bo)紋(wen)管(guan)，可以(yi)進(jin)(jin)步(bu)(bu)波(bo)紋(wen)管(guan)的(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)率。同時液壓(ya)(ya)(ya)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)變形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)也比較(jiao)平均，并(bing)能獲得良好的(de)(de)(de)表面質量(liang)。正由于具有上述良多長處(chu)(chu)，液壓(ya)(ya)(ya)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)才能成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為金屬波(bo)紋(wen)管(guan)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)流技(ji)(ji)術。

實踐證實，用(yong)(yong)鋼(gang)波紋(wen)管涵(han)(han)代替鋼(gang)筋混凝土(tu)進(jin)行(xing)涵(han)(han)洞(dong)施工(gong)，不管從施工(gong)周期、施工(gong)造價、環保意義等方(fang)面都有其不可(ke)相比的(de)優(you)勝性，且用(yong)(yong)金屬波紋(wen)管涵(han)(han)進(jin)行(xing)涵(han)(han)洞(dong)施工(gong)，可(ke)大大進(jin)步(bu)道路行(xing)車(che)的(de)恬靜度與安全性，避免道路中涵(han)(han)洞(dong)的(de)“錯(cuo)臺跳車(che)”現形，有利于解(jie)決(jue)西北地區嚴(yan)寒霜凍對砼管涵(han)(han)結構的(de)破壞題(ti)目。

跟(gen)著鋼(gang)(gang)波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋(wen)管涵(han)在(zai)世界各地(di)的(de)安裝(zhuang)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)，證實(shi)了(le)(le)此種結構在(zai)各種使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)情(qing)況下的(de)通用(yong)(yong)性。在(zai)我(wo)國改革開放后(hou)，深圳及大同煤礦開始從(cong)國外入(ru)口成(cheng)品鋼(gang)(gang)波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋(wen)管涵(han)進行(xing)涵(han)洞施(shi)(shi)工。之后(hou)，上(shang)海(hai)市公(gong)(gong)(gong)路治理處、上(shang)海(hai)市政工程設(she)計研(yan)究院、上(shang)海(hai)同濟大學(xue)對鋼(gang)(gang)波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋(wen)管涵(han)進行(xing)了(le)(le)動、靜載試驗，結果表明能(neng)知(zhi)足設(she)計使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)要(yao)求，填補了(le)(le)海(hai)內的(de)空(kong)缺，且迅速得到(dao)推廣應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)。幕墻(qiang)一貫反應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)于我(wo)國各地(di)公(gong)(gong)(gong)路舉措(cuo)措(cuo)施(shi)(shi)建(jian)設(she)當(dang)中。鋼(gang)(gang)波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋(wen)管涵(han)投入(ru)到(dao)了(le)(le)青(qing)海(hai)公(gong)(gong)(gong)路施(shi)(shi)工當(dang)中，三年(nian)的(de)實(shi)踐證實(shi)，鋼(gang)(gang)波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋(wen)管涵(han)在(zai)北方(fang)嚴寒地(di)區完全符合公(gong)(gong)(gong)路建(jian)設(she)當(dang)中的(de)涵(han)洞施(shi)(shi)工要(yao)求。

拼裝鋼波紋管

在公路施(shi)工(gong)(gong)中(zhong)，應用鋼(gang)(gang)波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)管涵代(dai)替鋼(gang)(gang)筋(jin)混凝土(tu)進行涵洞(dong)(dong)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)的歷史已(yi)經有100多年(nian)(nian)了。1896年(nian)(nian)，美國(guo)率提高前輩行鋼(gang)(gang)波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)管涵通道、涵管的可(ke)行性研究。其后，在美國(guo)、加拿大(da)、澳大(da)利亞等國(guo)的公路建設(she)中(zhong)，均采用了鋼(gang)(gang)波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)管涵進行涵洞(dong)(dong)的施(shi)工(gong)(gong)。1990年(nian)(nian)，日(ri)本高速(su)公路設(she)計，規范制定(ding)了鋼(gang)(gang)波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)管涵設(she)計技術規范。

拼裝鋼(gang)(gang)波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋管是將(jiang)薄鋼(gang)(gang)板板面(mian)壓成(cheng)(cheng)波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋后，卷制成(cheng)(cheng)管節(jie)，可以增加管節(jie)的(de)(de)剛度(du)(du)和(he)對(dui)管軸壓力(li)的(de)(de)抵擋強度(du)(du)；出(chu)廠前采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)熱浸鍍鋅工(gong)(gong)藝和(he)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)現(xian)場噴涂(tu)瀝青，雙層防(fang)腐處(chu)理保(bao)(bao)(bao)證(zheng)了使(shi)用(yong)(yong)壽命；用(yong)(yong)此種管節(jie)修(xiu)建(jian)的(de)(de)涵(han)(han)(han)洞(dong)被稱為鋼(gang)(gang)波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋管涵(han)(han)(han)。實踐證(zheng)實，用(yong)(yong)鋼(gang)(gang)波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋管涵(han)(han)(han)代替(ti)鋼(gang)(gang)筋(jin)混(hun)凝土(tu)(tu)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)涵(han)(han)(han)洞(dong)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)，不管從施(shi)工(gong)(gong)周期(qi)、施(shi)工(gong)(gong)造價、環保(bao)(bao)(bao)意義(yi)等(deng)方面(mian)都有其(qi)不可相比的(de)(de)優勝性，且用(yong)(yong)鋼(gang)(gang)波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋管涵(han)(han)(han)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)涵(han)(han)(han)洞(dong)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)，可大大進(jin)(jin)步(bu)道路行(xing)(xing)車的(de)(de)恬靜度(du)(du)與安全性，避免道路中(zhong)涵(han)(han)(han)洞(dong)的(de)(de)“錯臺跳車”現(xian)形，有利于解決西北(bei)地區嚴寒霜凍對(dui)砼管涵(han)(han)(han)結構的(de)(de)破(po)壞題目。公(gong)(gong)路工(gong)(gong)程的(de)(de)涵(han)(han)(han)洞(dong)一(yi)(yi)般采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)鋼(gang)(gang)筋(jin)混(hun)凝土(tu)(tu)制作。現(xian)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)鋼(gang)(gang)波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋管涵(han)(han)(han)代替(ti)鋼(gang)(gang)筋(jin)混(hun)凝土(tu)(tu)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)涵(han)(han)(han)洞(dong)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)在(zai)海內時一(yi)(yi)項新(xin)技(ji)術，鋼(gang)(gang)波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋管涵(han)(han)(han)以其(qi)機(ji)能不亂、安裝利便、有利環保(bao)(bao)(bao)、造價低等(deng)長處(chu)迅速(su)在(zai)公(gong)(gong)路施(shi)工(gong)(gong)中(zhong)代替(ti)了鋼(gang)(gang)筋(jin)混(hun)凝土(tu)(tu)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)涵(han)(han)(han)洞(dong)，發展遠景非常廣闊。