公路工程的一般采用鋼筋混凝土制作。現采用鋼波紋涵管代替(ti)鋼(gang)筋(jin)混(hun)凝土(tu)進(jin)行(xing)涵洞(dong)(dong)施(shi)(shi)工在國內時一項(xiang)新技術，以其性能穩定、安裝方便、有利環保(bao)、造價低等優(you)點迅速(su)在公路施(shi)(shi)工中代替(ti)了鋼(gang)筋(jin)混(hun)凝土(tu)施(shi)(shi)工的涵洞(dong)(dong)，發展前景非常廣闊。在公路施(shi)(shi)工中，應用鋼(gang)波紋(wen)涵管代替(ti)鋼(gang)筋(jin)混(hun)凝土(tu)進(jin)行(xing)涵洞(dong)(dong)施(shi)(shi)工的歷史已(yi)經有100多年了。

新技術材料，鋼波紋涵管代替鋼筋混凝土

1896年(nian)(nian)，美國(guo)率行(xing)(xing)波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)涵(han)(han)管(guan)(guan)通(tong)(tong)道、涵(han)(han)管(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)可行(xing)(xing)性(xing)研究。其后，在美國(guo)、加拿大(da)、澳大(da)利亞等國(guo)的(de)(de)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)路(lu)建(jian)設(she)(she)中(zhong)，均采用(yong)(yong)了鋼波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)涵(han)(han)管(guan)(guan)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)涵(han)(han)洞(dong)的(de)(de)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)。1990年(nian)(nian)，日本(ben)高(gao)速(su)(su)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)路(lu)設(she)(she)計，規范制(zhi)定了波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)管(guan)(guan)涵(han)(han)設(she)(she)計技術規范。隨(sui)著(zhu)在世界(jie)各(ge)地的(de)(de)安裝使用(yong)(yong)，證明(ming)了此種(zhong)結構在各(ge)種(zhong)使用(yong)(yong)情況下的(de)(de)通(tong)(tong)用(yong)(yong)性(xing)。在我國(guo)改革開(kai)放后，深圳及大(da)同煤礦開(kai)始從國(guo)外進(jin)(jin)口成品(pin)波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)管(guan)(guan)涵(han)(han)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)涵(han)(han)洞(dong)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)。之(zhi)后，上海市公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)路(lu)管(guan)(guan)理處、上海市政工(gong)(gong)程設(she)(she)計研究院、上海同濟(ji)大(da)學對金(jin)屬波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)管(guan)(guan)涵(han)(han)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)了動、靜載試(shi)驗，結果(guo)表明(ming)能滿足設(she)(she)計使用(yong)(yong)要求，填補了國(guo)內的(de)(de)空白(bai)，且迅(xun)速(su)(su)得到推廣應(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)。幕墻一貫(guan)反應(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)于我國(guo)各(ge)地公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)路(lu)設(she)(she)施(shi)建(jian)設(she)(she)當中(zhong)。鋼波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)涵(han)(han)管(guan)(guan)投入到了青海公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)路(lu)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)當中(zhong)，三(san)年(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)實踐證明(ming)，鋼波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)管(guan)(guan)涵(han)(han)在北方寒(han)冷地區完(wan)全符合公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)路(lu)建(jian)設(she)(she)當中(zhong)的(de)(de)涵(han)(han)洞(dong)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)要求。陜(shan)西通(tong)(tong)途交(jiao)通(tong)(tong)設(she)(she)施(shi)有限公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司是一家生產公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)路(lu)涵(han)(han)洞(dong)通(tong)(tong)道用(yong)(yong)波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)鋼管(guan)(guan)（板）的(de)(de)企業(ye)，主要產品(pin)包括(kuo)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)路(lu)涵(han)(han)洞(dong)通(tong)(tong)道用(yong)(yong)波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)鋼管(guan)(guan)（板）、相(xiang)關配套(tao)設(she)(she)施(shi)有橋(qiao)梁支座(zuo)、伸縮縫、鋼波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)腹板橋(qiao)、聲(sheng)屏障、鋼便橋(qiao)、土(tu)工(gong)(gong)材(cai)料、防水材(cai)料、金(jin)屬掛網、防眩板、公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)路(lu)護欄等交(jiao)通(tong)(tong)基(ji)礎設(she)(she)施(shi)和其他相(xiang)應(ying)(ying)(ying)的(de)(de)基(ji)礎設(she)(she)施(shi)。

實踐(jian)證(zheng)明，用鋼(gang)波紋涵(han)管(guan)代替鋼(gang)筋(jin)混凝土進(jin)行涵(han)洞施(shi)工，無論從施(shi)工周期、施(shi)工造價、環保意義等方面都有(you)其不可比(bi)擬的優(you)越性(xing)，且(qie)用進(jin)行涵(han)洞施(shi)工，可大大提(ti)高道路行車(che)的舒適度與安全性(xing)，避免道路中涵(han)洞的“錯臺跳車(che)”現形，有(you)利于解決西北地(di)區寒(han)冷(leng)霜(shuang)凍對砼管(guan)涵(han)結構的破壞問題。

隨著(zhu)(zhu)公(gong)路建設、設計(ji)(ji)、施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)理念的(de)(de)(de)(de)日趨完善(shan),“設計(ji)(ji)簡潔、施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)方(fang)便(bian)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)設計(ji)(ji)思(si)想被應(ying)(ying)用(yong)。簡潔便(bian)于(yu)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)圖設計(ji)(ji)是(shi)(shi)縮短工(gong)(gong)(gong)期、降低成本的(de)(de)(de)(de)有效途(tu)徑。水是(shi)(shi)影響路基強度和(he)穩定(ding)性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)一個重(zhong)要(yao)因素,在(zai)公(gong)路工(gong)(gong)(gong)程中圓(yuan)管(guan)(guan)涵(han)(han)是(shi)(shi)排除地表水普遍的(de)(de)(de)(de)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)方(fang)式。當前,鋼筋混凝土圓(yuan)管(guan)(guan)涵(han)(han)自身笨重(zhong)，在(zai)運輸(shu)、安裝、施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)序等方(fang)面(mian)比較(jiao)繁瑣(suo)。另外施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)成本也比較(jiao)高。隨著(zhu)(zhu)鋼波(bo)紋(wen)涵(han)(han)管(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)問世，鋼波(bo)紋(wen)涵(han)(han)管(guan)(guan)逐(zhu)漸取代了鋼筋混凝土圓(yuan)涵(han)(han)管(guan)(guan)在(zai)鐵路、公(gong)路等道路上的(de)(de)(de)(de)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)。本文結(jie)合甘(gan)肅省合作市至冶力關鎮二級公(gong)路改(gai)建工(gong)(gong)(gong)程（以下稱本工(gong)(gong)(gong)程）實(shi)際(ji)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)情況對鋼波(bo)紋(wen)涵(han)(han)管(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝和(he)技(ji)術要(yao)求進行淺談。

鋼波紋涵管介紹

鋼波紋涵管（YTHG）是替代圓管(guan)(guan)涵、蓋板涵、拱涵和(he)小橋的(de)優質公路和(he)鐵(tie)路建(jian)筑材料。該產(chan)品具(ju)有工期短(duan)、重量輕、安裝方便、耐久性(xing)好、工程(cheng)造價低、抗變形(xing)(xing)能(neng)力強、減少(shao)通車后養護成(cheng)本等(deng)特點，尤其應用在高寒(han)凍土地區(qu)，軟土路基地帶(dai)，具(ju)有明顯的(de)經濟效益(yi)。鋼(gang)波(bo)紋涵管(guan)(guan)有圓形(xing)(xing)、橢圓形(xing)(xing)、半(ban)圓形(xing)(xing)等(deng)，進(jin)出口也(ye)可按照邊(bian)坡(po)比例做成(cheng)斜口，加工波(bo)紋管(guan)(guan)管(guan)(guan)徑范(fan)圍Φ0.5m～Φ8m，管(guan)(guan)壁厚度為(wei)3mm～7mm，能(neng)夠滿足填(tian)土0.5m～40m厚的(de)需要。

公路(lu)工(gong)(gong)程的涵(han)(han)(han)洞(dong)普通采(cai)用鋼(gang)筋混(hun)凝土制(zhi)造。現采(cai)用鋼(gang)波紋涵(han)(han)(han)管替(ti)代鋼(gang)筋混(hun)凝土停(ting)止(zhi)涵(han)(han)(han)洞(dong)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)在(zai)國際(ji)時一項新技術，鋼(gang)波紋涵(han)(han)(han)管以其(qi)功能(neng)波動、裝(zhuang)置方(fang)便、有利環保、造價高等優點迅速(su)在(zai)公路(lu)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)中替(ti)代了鋼(gang)筋混(hun)凝土施(shi)工(gong)(gong)的涵(han)(han)(han)洞(dong)，開展前(qian)景十分(fen)寬廣。

在公路施工中，使用(yong)鋼波(bo)(bo)紋(wen)涵(han)管(guan)(guan)替代鋼筋混(hun)凝土停止涵(han)洞(dong)施工的(de)歷史曾經有100多年了(le)。在我國變革開放后，開端從國外(wai)出口成品(pin)波(bo)(bo)紋(wen)管(guan)(guan)涵(han)停止涵(han)洞(dong)施工。之后，交通部迷信(xin)技術研討院對金屬波(bo)(bo)紋(wen)管(guan)(guan)涵(han)停止了(le)動、靜載實驗，后果標明能滿足設計(ji)運用(yong)要求，填補(bu)了(le)國際(ji)的(de)空白，且迅速失掉推行使用(yong)。

理論(lun)證(zheng)明，用(yong)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)波紋(wen)涵(han)(han)管替代鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)筋混凝土停止涵(han)(han)洞(dong)(dong)施工，無論(lun)從施工周(zhou)期(qi)、施工造價、環(huan)保意義等(deng)方(fang)面都有(you)(you)其不可比(bi)較的(de)(de)(de)優越性，且(qie)用(yong)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)波紋(wen)涵(han)(han)管停止涵(han)(han)洞(dong)(dong)施工，可大大進(jin)步路途行車的(de)(de)(de)舒過度與平(ping)安性，防止路途中涵(han)(han)洞(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)“錯臺跳車”現形，有(you)(you)利于處理冰(bing)冷霜凍地域對(dui)(dui)砼管涵(han)(han)構造的(de)(de)(de)毀壞成(cheng)績(ji)。鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)波紋(wen)涵(han)(han)管洞(dong)(dong)次要在(zai)我國南方(fang)冰(bing)冷霜凍地域逐(zhu)漸失掉推行運用(yong)，有(you)(you)關(guan)科(ke)研設(she)計部門正在(zai)編寫鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)波紋(wen)涵(han)(han)管的(de)(de)(de)計、施工標準。置(zhi)信隨著(zhu)對(dui)(dui)構造耐(nai)久性看法的(de)(de)(de)逐(zhu)漸進(jin)步，鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)波紋(wen)涵(han)(han)管在(zai)公路或其他工程中將具有(you)(you)更(geng)寬(kuan)廣的(de)(de)(de)使用(yong)前景。

經過鋼波紋涵管的施工，既放慢了施工進度，較同類型蓋板涵、拱涵施工比擬具有工期短、造價低、耐久性好、對地基擾動小、對根底要求較高等優點,又給其上的高填方提供了充沛的施工工夫，大大延長了工期，從總體工程思索浪費了投資，是普通涵管無法相比的，在公路新、改建工程、養護大中修工程中發揚了重要的作用。//hanihanbj.com/