公路工程的一般采用鋼筋混凝土制作。現采用鋼波紋涵管代替(ti)鋼(gang)筋混(hun)凝土(tu)(tu)進(jin)(jin)行涵洞(dong)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)在國內(nei)時一(yi)項新技術，以(yi)其性能穩定、安裝方便、有利環保、造價低等優點(dian)迅速在公路(lu)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)中代替(ti)了鋼(gang)筋混(hun)凝土(tu)(tu)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)的涵洞(dong)，發展前景非常廣闊。在公路(lu)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)中，應用鋼(gang)波紋涵管代替(ti)鋼(gang)筋混(hun)凝土(tu)(tu)進(jin)(jin)行涵洞(dong)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)的歷史(shi)已經有100多年了。

新技術材料，鋼波紋涵管代替鋼筋混凝土

1896年(nian)(nian)，美(mei)(mei)國(guo)率(lv)行(xing)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)紋(wen)涵管(guan)通(tong)(tong)(tong)道、涵管(guan)的(de)(de)可(ke)行(xing)性研究。其后，在(zai)美(mei)(mei)國(guo)、加拿大(da)、澳大(da)利(li)亞等國(guo)的(de)(de)公(gong)(gong)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)建設(she)(she)(she)(she)中，均采(cai)用(yong)(yong)了(le)(le)鋼波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)紋(wen)涵管(guan)進(jin)行(xing)涵洞(dong)的(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)。1990年(nian)(nian)，日本高速公(gong)(gong)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)設(she)(she)(she)(she)計，規范(fan)(fan)制定了(le)(le)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)紋(wen)管(guan)涵設(she)(she)(she)(she)計技術規范(fan)(fan)。隨著在(zai)世界各(ge)地(di)的(de)(de)安裝使(shi)用(yong)(yong)，證(zheng)明了(le)(le)此種(zhong)結構在(zai)各(ge)種(zhong)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)情(qing)況(kuang)下的(de)(de)通(tong)(tong)(tong)用(yong)(yong)性。在(zai)我(wo)國(guo)改(gai)革開放(fang)后，深圳及大(da)同煤(mei)礦開始從國(guo)外(wai)進(jin)口成(cheng)品(pin)(pin)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)紋(wen)管(guan)涵進(jin)行(xing)涵洞(dong)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)。之后，上海市(shi)公(gong)(gong)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)管(guan)理處、上海市(shi)政工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)設(she)(she)(she)(she)計研究院、上海同濟大(da)學(xue)對金屬波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)紋(wen)管(guan)涵進(jin)行(xing)了(le)(le)動(dong)、靜載試(shi)驗，結果表明能(neng)滿足設(she)(she)(she)(she)計使(shi)用(yong)(yong)要求(qiu)，填補了(le)(le)國(guo)內(nei)的(de)(de)空白，且迅速得到推(tui)廣應(ying)用(yong)(yong)。幕墻一貫反(fan)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)我(wo)國(guo)各(ge)地(di)公(gong)(gong)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)設(she)(she)(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)(shi)建設(she)(she)(she)(she)當中。鋼波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)紋(wen)涵管(guan)投入到了(le)(le)青海公(gong)(gong)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)當中，三年(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)實踐證(zheng)明，鋼波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)紋(wen)管(guan)涵在(zai)北方寒冷地(di)區(qu)完全符合公(gong)(gong)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)建設(she)(she)(she)(she)當中的(de)(de)涵洞(dong)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)要求(qiu)。陜西通(tong)(tong)(tong)途交通(tong)(tong)(tong)設(she)(she)(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)限公(gong)(gong)司(si)是一家生產(chan)公(gong)(gong)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)涵洞(dong)通(tong)(tong)(tong)道用(yong)(yong)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)紋(wen)鋼管(guan)（板(ban)）的(de)(de)企業，主要產(chan)品(pin)(pin)包括公(gong)(gong)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)涵洞(dong)通(tong)(tong)(tong)道用(yong)(yong)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)紋(wen)鋼管(guan)（板(ban)）、相(xiang)關配套設(she)(she)(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)橋梁支座、伸縮縫、鋼波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)紋(wen)腹板(ban)橋、聲屏障、鋼便(bian)橋、土工(gong)(gong)(gong)材料、防(fang)水材料、金屬掛網、防(fang)眩板(ban)、公(gong)(gong)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)護(hu)欄等交通(tong)(tong)(tong)基礎(chu)設(she)(she)(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)(shi)和其他(ta)相(xiang)應(ying)的(de)(de)基礎(chu)設(she)(she)(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)(shi)。

實踐(jian)證明，用鋼波紋涵管代替鋼筋混凝土進(jin)(jin)行涵洞(dong)(dong)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)，無論從施(shi)工(gong)(gong)周期、施(shi)工(gong)(gong)造(zao)價、環保意(yi)義等方面都有(you)(you)其不可比擬(ni)的優(you)越性(xing)，且用進(jin)(jin)行涵洞(dong)(dong)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)，可大大提高道路行車的舒適度與安全(quan)性(xing)，避免道路中涵洞(dong)(dong)的“錯臺跳車”現形，有(you)(you)利于解決西北地區寒冷霜(shuang)凍對砼管涵結構的破(po)壞問題。

隨(sui)著公(gong)路(lu)建設(she)、設(she)計、施(shi)工(gong)(gong)理(li)念的日趨(qu)完善,“設(she)計簡(jian)潔、施(shi)工(gong)(gong)方便(bian)”的設(she)計思(si)想被應(ying)用。簡(jian)潔便(bian)于(yu)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)的施(shi)工(gong)(gong)圖設(she)計是(shi)縮(suo)短工(gong)(gong)期(qi)、降低(di)成本(ben)的有效途徑。水(shui)是(shi)影響路(lu)基強度(du)和穩(wen)定性的一個重要因(yin)素,在(zai)(zai)公(gong)路(lu)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)圓管涵是(shi)排除地(di)表水(shui)普遍的應(ying)用方式(shi)。當前,鋼(gang)筋混凝土圓管涵自身笨(ben)重，在(zai)(zai)運(yun)輸、安裝、施(shi)工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)序等方面比較(jiao)繁瑣。另外施(shi)工(gong)(gong)成本(ben)也比較(jiao)高。隨(sui)著鋼(gang)波(bo)紋涵管的問世，鋼(gang)波(bo)紋涵管逐(zhu)漸取代了鋼(gang)筋混凝土圓涵管在(zai)(zai)鐵路(lu)、公(gong)路(lu)等道路(lu)上的應(ying)用。本(ben)文結合(he)(he)甘(gan)肅(su)省合(he)(he)作市(shi)至冶力關鎮二級公(gong)路(lu)改(gai)建工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)（以下稱本(ben)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)）實際施(shi)工(gong)(gong)情況對鋼(gang)波(bo)紋涵管的施(shi)工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)藝和技術(shu)要求(qiu)進行淺談(tan)。

鋼波紋涵管介紹

鋼波紋涵管（YTHG）是替代圓管(guan)(guan)(guan)涵、蓋(gai)板涵、拱(gong)涵和(he)小橋(qiao)的(de)優質公(gong)路(lu)(lu)和(he)鐵路(lu)(lu)建(jian)筑材(cai)料。該產品具(ju)有工(gong)期(qi)短、重量輕、安裝(zhuang)方便、耐久性好、工(gong)程造價(jia)低、抗(kang)變形能力強(qiang)、減少通車后養護成本等特點，尤其應用在高寒凍(dong)土(tu)地(di)區，軟土(tu)路(lu)(lu)基地(di)帶，具(ju)有明顯的(de)經濟效益。鋼波紋涵管(guan)(guan)(guan)有圓形、橢圓形、半圓形等，進出口也可(ke)按照邊坡(po)比(bi)例做成斜(xie)口，加工(gong)波紋管(guan)(guan)(guan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)徑范圍Φ0.5m～Φ8m，管(guan)(guan)(guan)壁(bi)厚(hou)度為3mm～7mm，能夠滿足填(tian)土(tu)0.5m～40m厚(hou)的(de)需要。

公路工(gong)(gong)程的(de)涵(han)(han)洞(dong)(dong)普通采用(yong)鋼(gang)筋混(hun)凝土制(zhi)造。現采用(yong)鋼(gang)波紋涵(han)(han)管替代鋼(gang)筋混(hun)凝土停止涵(han)(han)洞(dong)(dong)施工(gong)(gong)在國(guo)際時一項新技(ji)術(shu)，鋼(gang)波紋涵(han)(han)管以其(qi)功能波動(dong)、裝(zhuang)置方(fang)便、有利環保、造價高等優點(dian)迅速在公路施工(gong)(gong)中替代了鋼(gang)筋混(hun)凝土施工(gong)(gong)的(de)涵(han)(han)洞(dong)(dong)，開展(zhan)前(qian)景(jing)十分(fen)寬廣。

在(zai)公路施工(gong)中(zhong)，使(shi)(shi)用鋼波(bo)紋涵管替(ti)代(dai)鋼筋混凝土停止涵洞施工(gong)的(de)歷史(shi)曾經(jing)有100多(duo)年(nian)了(le)。在(zai)我國(guo)變革(ge)開(kai)放(fang)后(hou)，開(kai)端(duan)從國(guo)外(wai)出口成品波(bo)紋管涵停止涵洞施工(gong)。之后(hou)，交(jiao)通部迷信(xin)技術研討院對(dui)金屬波(bo)紋管涵停止了(le)動、靜載實驗，后(hou)果(guo)標明能(neng)滿(man)足設計運用要求，填補了(le)國(guo)際的(de)空白，且迅速失掉(diao)推行(xing)使(shi)(shi)用。

理(li)論證明，用(yong)鋼(gang)波紋(wen)涵(han)管替代鋼(gang)筋混凝土停止涵(han)洞(dong)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)，無論從施(shi)工(gong)(gong)周期、施(shi)工(gong)(gong)造價、環保意義等方(fang)面都有(you)其不可比較的(de)(de)(de)(de)優越性，且(qie)用(yong)鋼(gang)波紋(wen)涵(han)管停止涵(han)洞(dong)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)，可大(da)大(da)進(jin)步路(lu)途行車的(de)(de)(de)(de)舒(shu)過度與平安性，防止路(lu)途中(zhong)涵(han)洞(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)“錯臺(tai)跳車”現形，有(you)利于(yu)處理(li)冰冷(leng)霜(shuang)凍地(di)域(yu)對砼管涵(han)構(gou)造的(de)(de)(de)(de)毀壞成(cheng)績。鋼(gang)波紋(wen)涵(han)管洞(dong)次要在我國南方(fang)冰冷(leng)霜(shuang)凍地(di)域(yu)逐(zhu)漸失掉推行運用(yong)，有(you)關科研(yan)設計(ji)部門正(zheng)在編寫鋼(gang)波紋(wen)涵(han)管的(de)(de)(de)(de)計(ji)、施(shi)工(gong)(gong)標準。置信隨著對構(gou)造耐久(jiu)性看法的(de)(de)(de)(de)逐(zhu)漸進(jin)步，鋼(gang)波紋(wen)涵(han)管在公路(lu)或其他工(gong)(gong)程中(zhong)將具有(you)更寬廣(guang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)使用(yong)前景(jing)。

經過鋼波紋涵管的施工，既放慢了施工進度，較同類型蓋板涵、拱涵施工比擬具有工期短、造價低、耐久性好、對地基擾動小、對根底要求較高等優點,又給其上的高填方提供了充沛的施工工夫，大大延長了工期，從總體工程思索浪費了投資，是普通涵管無法相比的，在公路新、改建工程、養護大中修工程中發揚了重要的作用。//hanihanbj.com/