鋼波紋管液壓(ya)成(cheng)形(xing)(xing)工藝的(de)樞紐是階段(duan)的(de)成(cheng)形(xing)(xing)壓(ya)力(li)和脹(zhang)(zhang)形(xing)(xing)程度，通過成(cheng)形(xing)(xing)壓(ya)力(li)來控(kong)制脹(zhang)(zhang)形(xing)(xing)程度，假如脹(zhang)(zhang)形(xing)(xing)程度較大，管(guan)材輕易破裂，假如脹(zhang)(zhang)形(xing)(xing)程度太小(xiao)，脹(zhang)(zhang)形(xing)(xing)沒有起到軸向定位作用，成(cheng)型之后的(de)波(bo)紋(wen)管(guan)波(bo)紋(wen)不齊，成(cheng)品率(lv)比較低。

拼裝鋼波紋管的運輸優勢還是非常明顯的

鋼波紋管液壓(ya)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)屬于極薄壁(bi)管(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)液壓(ya)復(fu)合(he)脹形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，是軟模成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)技(ji)術(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)一種。它以液壓(ya)流體為軟模，以成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)凹(ao)模為硬(ying)模。液壓(ya)脹形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)主要有兩(liang)個階(jie)段，脹形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)階(jie)段，管(guan)材兩(liang)端(duan)和(he)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)模具(ju)都固定(ding)不動(dong)，極薄壁(bi)管(guan)在(zai)模具(ju)的(de)(de)(de)(de)限制和(he)管(guan)內(nei)(nei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)液體壓(ya)力的(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)下(xia)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)徑向(xiang)膨脹。脹形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)程(cheng)度比(bi)較小(xiao)，其(qi)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)就是讓(rang)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)模具(ju)在(zai)管(guan)材上(shang)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)向(xiang)定(ding)位。成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)第二個階(jie)段，管(guan)材在(zai)內(nei)(nei)壓(ya)力和(he)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)向(xiang)壓(ya)力的(de)(de)(de)(de)復(fu)合(he)作(zuo)用(yong)下(xia)，進(jin)(jin)一步(bu)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)脹形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。在(zai)此階(jie)段，在(zai)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)向(xiang)力的(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)下(xia)，成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)凹(ao)模進(jin)(jin)行(xing)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)向(xiang)移(yi)動(dong)，知道各個成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)凹(ao)模相互貼合(he)在(zai)一起，成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)完畢。在(zai)此階(jie)段，管(guan)材軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)向(xiang)縮(suo)短(duan)，在(zai)波紋(wen)處徑向(xiang)擴(kuo)脹。根據金(jin)屬成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)原理，金(jin)屬在(zai)塑性成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)過程(cheng)中體積不變，波紋(wen)管(guan)徑向(xiang)擴(kuo)脹需要的(de)(de)(de)(de)材料通過管(guan)材軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)向(xiang)縮(suo)短(duan)來增補(bu)，而軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)向(xiang)加(jia)壓(ya)的(de)(de)(de)(de)脹形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)就是促進(jin)(jin)這(zhe)種材料轉移(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)順利(li)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)。軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)向(xiang)加(jia)壓(ya)的(de)(de)(de)(de)脹形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)可以進(jin)(jin)步(bu)材料的(de)(de)(de)(de)脹形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)程(cheng)度，可以成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)波紋(wen)深度較深的(de)(de)(de)(de)波紋(wen)管(guan)，可以進(jin)(jin)步(bu)波紋(wen)管(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)率。同時液壓(ya)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)變形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)也比(bi)較平均，并能(neng)獲(huo)得良好的(de)(de)(de)(de)表面質量。正由于具(ju)有上(shang)述良多長處，液壓(ya)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)才能(neng)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為金(jin)屬波紋(wen)管(guan)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)主流技(ji)術(shu)。

實踐證實，用鋼波(bo)紋管(guan)涵(han)(han)代(dai)替鋼筋混(hun)凝土進行涵(han)(han)洞施(shi)工(gong)，不管(guan)從(cong)施(shi)工(gong)周期、施(shi)工(gong)造價、環保意義(yi)等方面(mian)都(dou)有其不可相比的(de)優勝性，且用金屬(shu)波(bo)紋管(guan)涵(han)(han)進行涵(han)(han)洞施(shi)工(gong)，可大大進步(bu)道路行車(che)的(de)恬靜(jing)度與安全性，避免道路中涵(han)(han)洞的(de)“錯(cuo)臺跳車(che)”現形(xing)，有利于(yu)解決西北地區(qu)嚴(yan)寒霜(shuang)凍對砼管(guan)涵(han)(han)結(jie)構的(de)破(po)壞題(ti)目。

跟著鋼(gang)(gang)波紋管(guan)(guan)涵在世界各(ge)(ge)地(di)的(de)(de)(de)安裝使用(yong)(yong)，證實了此種結構在各(ge)(ge)種使用(yong)(yong)情況(kuang)下的(de)(de)(de)通用(yong)(yong)性。在我(wo)國改(gai)革開放后，深(shen)圳(zhen)及大(da)同(tong)煤礦開始從國外入(ru)口(kou)成(cheng)品鋼(gang)(gang)波紋管(guan)(guan)涵進(jin)行(xing)涵洞(dong)施(shi)工(gong)。之后，上海市公(gong)路(lu)治理處(chu)、上海市政工(gong)程設(she)計研究院、上海同(tong)濟大(da)學(xue)對(dui)鋼(gang)(gang)波紋管(guan)(guan)涵進(jin)行(xing)了動、靜載試驗，結果(guo)表明(ming)能知足(zu)設(she)計使用(yong)(yong)要(yao)求，填補了海內(nei)的(de)(de)(de)空缺，且迅速得(de)到(dao)推廣應用(yong)(yong)。幕墻一貫反應用(yong)(yong)于(yu)我(wo)國各(ge)(ge)地(di)公(gong)路(lu)舉措措施(shi)建設(she)當(dang)(dang)中。鋼(gang)(gang)波紋管(guan)(guan)涵投入(ru)到(dao)了青海公(gong)路(lu)施(shi)工(gong)當(dang)(dang)中，三年(nian)的(de)(de)(de)實踐證實，鋼(gang)(gang)波紋管(guan)(guan)涵在北(bei)方嚴寒地(di)區(qu)完全符合公(gong)路(lu)建設(she)當(dang)(dang)中的(de)(de)(de)涵洞(dong)施(shi)工(gong)要(yao)求。

拼裝鋼波紋管

在公(gong)路施(shi)(shi)工中，應用鋼(gang)波(bo)紋(wen)管涵(han)(han)(han)代替鋼(gang)筋混凝土進(jin)行涵(han)(han)(han)洞施(shi)(shi)工的歷史已經有(you)100多年了。1896年，美(mei)國率提高(gao)前輩行鋼(gang)波(bo)紋(wen)管涵(han)(han)(han)通道、涵(han)(han)(han)管的可行性研究。其后，在美(mei)國、加拿大(da)、澳大(da)利(li)亞等(deng)國的公(gong)路建設中，均(jun)采(cai)用了鋼(gang)波(bo)紋(wen)管涵(han)(han)(han)進(jin)行涵(han)(han)(han)洞的施(shi)(shi)工。1990年，日本高(gao)速公(gong)路設計，規范制定了鋼(gang)波(bo)紋(wen)管涵(han)(han)(han)設計技術規范。

拼裝(zhuang)鋼(gang)(gang)波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋管是(shi)將薄鋼(gang)(gang)板(ban)板(ban)面壓成(cheng)波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋后，卷制成(cheng)管節，可(ke)以增加(jia)管節的(de)(de)(de)剛(gang)度和(he)對管軸壓力的(de)(de)(de)抵擋(dang)強度；出廠前采用(yong)熱浸鍍鋅(xin)工(gong)藝和(he)施(shi)工(gong)現(xian)場噴涂瀝青，雙層(ceng)防腐處理(li)保(bao)證(zheng)了使用(yong)壽命；用(yong)此種管節修(xiu)建的(de)(de)(de)涵(han)(han)(han)洞(dong)被稱為鋼(gang)(gang)波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋管涵(han)(han)(han)。實踐(jian)證(zheng)實，用(yong)鋼(gang)(gang)波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋管涵(han)(han)(han)代替鋼(gang)(gang)筋(jin)混凝(ning)土(tu)進行(xing)涵(han)(han)(han)洞(dong)施(shi)工(gong)，不(bu)管從施(shi)工(gong)周期、施(shi)工(gong)造價、環保(bao)意(yi)義等(deng)方面都有其不(bu)可(ke)相比的(de)(de)(de)優勝性(xing)，且(qie)用(yong)鋼(gang)(gang)波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋管涵(han)(han)(han)進行(xing)涵(han)(han)(han)洞(dong)施(shi)工(gong)，可(ke)大(da)大(da)進步道路行(xing)車的(de)(de)(de)恬靜(jing)度與安全(quan)性(xing)，避免道路中涵(han)(han)(han)洞(dong)的(de)(de)(de)“錯(cuo)臺跳車”現(xian)形(xing)，有利于解決西北(bei)地區嚴寒霜(shuang)凍對砼管涵(han)(han)(han)結構(gou)的(de)(de)(de)破壞題目。公路工(gong)程的(de)(de)(de)涵(han)(han)(han)洞(dong)一般采用(yong)鋼(gang)(gang)筋(jin)混凝(ning)土(tu)制作。現(xian)采用(yong)鋼(gang)(gang)波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋管涵(han)(han)(han)代替鋼(gang)(gang)筋(jin)混凝(ning)土(tu)進行(xing)涵(han)(han)(han)洞(dong)施(shi)工(gong)在海內(nei)時一項新技術(shu)，鋼(gang)(gang)波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋管涵(han)(han)(han)以其機能(neng)不(bu)亂、安裝(zhuang)利便、有利環保(bao)、造價低等(deng)長處迅(xun)速在公路施(shi)工(gong)中代替了鋼(gang)(gang)筋(jin)混凝(ning)土(tu)施(shi)工(gong)的(de)(de)(de)涵(han)(han)(han)洞(dong)，發(fa)展遠(yuan)景(jing)非(fei)常(chang)廣闊。