在中國公路建設過程中,鋼波紋涵管涵(han)(han)洞(dong)作為(wei)(wei)一種主要的(de)(de)和常見的(de)(de)構造舉措(cuo)措(cuo)施,一般為(wei)(wei)滿足排水、通(tong)道的(de)(de)要求,多(duo)年來(lai)(lai)一向(xiang)選用(yong)鋼(gang)筋(jin)混凝土(tu)或圬工構造的(de)(de)涵(han)(han)洞(dong),但該類涵(han)(han) 洞(dong)存在(zai)規劃(hua)繁瑣(suo)、施工周期長、易呈現(xian)沉陷(xian)及(ji)(ji)跳車等(deng)缺點(dian),即使選用(yong)鋼(gang)筋(jin)混凝土(tu)管(guan)涵(han)(han)也存在(zai)管(guan)節組合體及(ji)(ji)銜(xian)接部位強度不夠等(deng)缺點(dian);此外(wai),在(zai)多(duo)年凍(dong)土(tu)、季節性凍(dong)土(tu)、脹大(da)土(tu)、軟(ruan)土(tu)等(deng)特(te)別地區,鋼(gang)筋(jin)混凝土(tu)涵(han)(han)洞(dong)在(zai)使用(yong)過程中一般將呈現(xian)不同程度的(de)(de)損壞(huai),更為(wei)(wei)嚴(yan)重的(de)(de)是(shi)當(dang)地基或根(gen)底不平均沉降將致使涵(han)(han)洞(dong)的(de)(de)全體損壞(huai),形成路基大(da)范圍的(de)(de)沉陷(xian),給公路行(xing)車帶來(lai)(lai)極為(wei)(wei)嚴(yan)重的(de)(de)安全隱患。

不同情況的路基應該調整鋼波紋涵管的施工方案

鋼波紋(wen)(wen)管(guan)(guan)涵是一種(zhong)柔性構造(zao),波紋(wen)(wen)管(guan)(guan)在構造(zao)上(shang)具有橫(heng)向抵償位移的特性,可(ke)充分(fen)施(shi)展鋼材抗拉功能強,具有較大(da)的抗變形和抗沉(chen)降才能,施(shi)工(gong)過程中(zhong)重量輕(qing)、裝置利便快捷、施(shi)工(gong)簡(jian)便等(deng)很多(duo)長(chang)處(chu)。該文以某(mou)工(gong)程實例為研討(tao)目標,對鋼波紋(wen)(wen)管(guan)(guan)涵的施(shi)工(gong)工(gong)藝、工(gong)程造(zao)價等(deng)方(fang)面進行比照(zhao)研討(tao),發現該類管(guan)(guan)涵具有別(bie)的傳統涵洞無與倫比的優勝(sheng)性,可(ke)為鋼波紋(wen)(wen)管(guan)(guan)涵在公路建(jian)設中(zhong)的推廣應用提供有益的參閱。

金屬波(bo)紋(wen)涵(han)管(guan)的波(bo)紋(wen)結(jie)構(gou)可(ke)使涵(han)洞路(lu)面受力(li)公道，荷載分布平均(jun)，并具有一定的抗變形(xing)能(neng)力(li)，能(neng)解決北方嚴寒地(di)(di)區(qu)（霜(shuang)凍）對橋梁和涵(han)管(guan)砼結(jie)構(gou)的破壞題目；使路(lu)表面沒有伸縮(suo)縫，進(jin)步行(xing)車恬(tian)靜(jing)。而且(qie)也有利于改善軟土地(di)(di)基結(jie)構(gou)與路(lu)堤(di)接壤(rang)處的“錯臺”現象，進(jin)步行(xing)車安全(quan)性。波(bo)紋(wen)涵(han)管(guan)的工后營運、養護本錢低，工程(cheng)實際造價(jia)也低于同類跨徑的橋梁、涵(han)洞。

鋼波紋涵管的(de)(de)(de)防水(shui)(shui)及(ji)排水(shui)(shui)施工中為(wei)防止波紋(wen)涵(han)管外發生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)壓(ya)，有必要(yao)設置排水(shui)(shui)設備盡(jin)量降低水(shui)(shui)壓(ya)（按捺發生(sheng)水(shui)(shui)壓(ya)會加重(zhong)波紋(wen)涵(han)管填土部(bu)(bu)位的(de)(de)(de)載荷，會影響波紋(wen)涵(han)管的(de)(de)(de)變位）為(wei)了(le)防止從鋼(gang)板(ban)連(lian)接部(bu)(bu)及(ji)螺栓(shuan)孔滲水(shui)(shui)，在螺栓(shuan)連(lian)接部(bu)(bu)和鋼(gang)板(ban)重(zhong)疊部(bu)(bu)選擇密(mi)封材料進(jin)行表面防水(shui)(shui)處理地下(xia)通道在組裝完(wan)畢后(hou)，回填之前(qian)實(shi)施表面防水(shui)(shui)防水(shui)(shui)處理后(hou)待防水(shui)(shui)材料充分硬化后(hou)開(kai)始回填、回填及(ji)壓(ya)實(shi)（1）波形(xing)鋼(gang)板(ban)構(gou)造(zao)物的(de)(de)(de)回填與壓(ya)實(shi)對構(gou)造(zao)物的(de)(de)(de)不亂性(xing)及(ji)耐久性(xing)起著重(zhong)要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)。波形(xing)鋼(gang)板(ban)是一種(zhong)彈性(xing)結構(gou)，所(suo)以填土特別重(zhong)要(yao)。

金(jin)屬(shu)波(bo)(bo)紋(wen)(wen)涵(han)管(guan)(guan)按地(di)中(zhong)構造物(wu)使用(yong)(yong)時，土體和波(bo)(bo)形鋼板有合成作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)能承受外部載(zai)荷，因此(ci)金(jin)屬(shu)波(bo)(bo)紋(wen)(wen)涵(han)管(guan)(guan)及土體共同承受載(zai)荷的作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)。金(jin)屬(shu)波(bo)(bo)紋(wen)(wen)管(guan)(guan)涵(han)也(ye)叫(jiao)波(bo)(bo)紋(wen)(wen)管(guan)(guan)涵(han)或鋼制波(bo)(bo)紋(wen)(wen)涵(han)管(guan)(guan)，是指鋪埋在公(gong)路，鐵路下面的涵(han)洞用(yong)(yong)螺(luo)紋(wen)(wen)波(bo)(bo)紋(wen)(wen)管(guan)(guan)，它是由波(bo)(bo)形金(jin)屬(shu)板卷制成或用(yong)(yong)半(ban)圓波(bo)(bo)形鋼片(pian)拼制成的圓形波(bo)(bo)紋(wen)(wen)管(guan)(guan)，應用(yong)(yong)于公(gong)路，鐵路，小(xiao)橋，通道(dao)，擋(dang)土墻(qiang)以及各種礦場(chang)，巷道(dao)擋(dang)墻(qiang)支(zhi)護等工程中(zhong)的涵(han)洞（管(guan)(guan)）

金屬波(bo)(bo)紋(wen)涵(han)管(guan)具有(you)施工(gong)工(gong)期(qi)短、造價低(di)、對地(di)(di)(di)基(ji)擾動小、對基(ji)礎(chu)要求低(di)、適應(ying)變形(xing)機(ji)能(neng)好等長處,特別合用于(yu)邊遠地(di)(di)(di)區和多年凍土、軟(ruan)土等特殊(shu)地(di)(di)(di)基(ji)區域(yu)的(de)道(dao)路涵(han)洞(dong)(dong)工(gong)程.目前,作為一種新型的(de)道(dao)路涵(han)洞(dong)(dong)形(xing)式.對鋼波(bo)(bo)紋(wen)管(guan)涵(han)洞(dong)(dong)進(jin)行野外現(xian)場(chang)力(li)學(xue)(xue)機(ji)能(neng)測(ce)試存(cun)在(zai)很多局限(xian)性(xing)(xing),為了克服(fu)其局限(xian)性(xing)(xing),本文在(zai)鋼波(bo)(bo)紋(wen)管(guan)涵(han)洞(dong)(dong)野外現(xian)場(chang)力(li)學(xue)(xue)機(ji)能(neng)測(ce)試的(de)基(ji)礎(chu)上(shang),利用有(you)限(xian)元力(li)學(xue)(xue)分析(xi)(xi)程序對鋼波(bo)(bo)紋(wen)管(guan)涵(han)洞(dong)(dong)的(de)受(shou)力(li)變形(xing)作計(ji)算(suan)分析(xi)(xi),將計(ji)算(suan)結果和野外現(xian)場(chang)實(shi)測(ce)值進(jin)行比較(jiao)分析(xi)(xi),建立公道(dao)的(de)有(you)限(xian)元力(li)學(xue)(xue)模型,運用有(you)限(xian)元法系(xi)統地(di)(di)(di)分析(xi)(xi)鋼波(bo)(bo)紋(wen)管(guan)涵(han)洞(dong)(dong)的(de)力(li)學(xue)(xue)機(ji)能(neng)成(cheng)為可行.