公路工程的一般采用鋼筋混凝土制作。現采用鋼波紋涵管代替鋼(gang)筋(jin)混凝(ning)土(tu)進(jin)行涵洞(dong)施工(gong)在(zai)國內(nei)時(shi)一項(xiang)新技(ji)術(shu)，以其性能穩定、安裝(zhuang)方(fang)便、有(you)(you)利環保、造(zao)價低等(deng)優點迅速在(zai)公(gong)路(lu)施工(gong)中代替了(le)鋼(gang)筋(jin)混凝(ning)土(tu)施工(gong)的(de)涵洞(dong)，發(fa)展前(qian)景非常廣闊。在(zai)公(gong)路(lu)施工(gong)中，應用(yong)鋼(gang)波紋涵管(guan)代替鋼(gang)筋(jin)混凝(ning)土(tu)進(jin)行涵洞(dong)施工(gong)的(de)歷史已(yi)經(jing)有(you)(you)100多年了(le)。

新技術材料，鋼波紋涵管代替鋼筋混凝土

1896年(nian)，美國(guo)率行波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)涵(han)(han)管通(tong)(tong)(tong)道、涵(han)(han)管的(de)(de)(de)可行性研(yan)究。其后，在美國(guo)、加拿(na)大(da)(da)、澳大(da)(da)利亞(ya)等(deng)國(guo)的(de)(de)(de)公(gong)(gong)路(lu)(lu)(lu)建設(she)(she)(she)(she)中，均采用(yong)(yong)了鋼(gang)波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)涵(han)(han)管進(jin)(jin)行涵(han)(han)洞(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)施(shi)工。1990年(nian)，日本高速公(gong)(gong)路(lu)(lu)(lu)設(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)，規范(fan)制定了波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)管涵(han)(han)設(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)技術(shu)規范(fan)。隨著在世界各地(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)安裝使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)，證明了此(ci)種結構在各種使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)情況下的(de)(de)(de)通(tong)(tong)(tong)用(yong)(yong)性。在我國(guo)改革(ge)開放(fang)后，深圳及大(da)(da)同煤(mei)礦開始(shi)從(cong)國(guo)外進(jin)(jin)口成(cheng)品波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)管涵(han)(han)進(jin)(jin)行涵(han)(han)洞(dong)(dong)施(shi)工。之(zhi)后，上(shang)海(hai)市公(gong)(gong)路(lu)(lu)(lu)管理處、上(shang)海(hai)市政(zheng)工程設(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)研(yan)究院、上(shang)海(hai)同濟大(da)(da)學(xue)對金屬波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)管涵(han)(han)進(jin)(jin)行了動(dong)、靜載試驗，結果表(biao)明能滿足(zu)設(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)要求，填補了國(guo)內的(de)(de)(de)空白(bai)，且迅(xun)速得到(dao)(dao)推廣應(ying)用(yong)(yong)。幕墻一貫反應(ying)用(yong)(yong)于我國(guo)各地(di)(di)公(gong)(gong)路(lu)(lu)(lu)設(she)(she)(she)(she)施(shi)建設(she)(she)(she)(she)當(dang)中。鋼(gang)波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)涵(han)(han)管投入(ru)到(dao)(dao)了青(qing)海(hai)公(gong)(gong)路(lu)(lu)(lu)施(shi)工當(dang)中，三年(nian)的(de)(de)(de)實踐證明，鋼(gang)波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)管涵(han)(han)在北方寒冷地(di)(di)區完(wan)全符(fu)合公(gong)(gong)路(lu)(lu)(lu)建設(she)(she)(she)(she)當(dang)中的(de)(de)(de)涵(han)(han)洞(dong)(dong)施(shi)工要求。陜西通(tong)(tong)(tong)途交(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)設(she)(she)(she)(she)施(shi)有限(xian)公(gong)(gong)司是一家生(sheng)產公(gong)(gong)路(lu)(lu)(lu)涵(han)(han)洞(dong)(dong)通(tong)(tong)(tong)道用(yong)(yong)波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)鋼(gang)管（板(ban)(ban)）的(de)(de)(de)企業，主要產品包括公(gong)(gong)路(lu)(lu)(lu)涵(han)(han)洞(dong)(dong)通(tong)(tong)(tong)道用(yong)(yong)波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)鋼(gang)管（板(ban)(ban)）、相關(guan)配套設(she)(she)(she)(she)施(shi)有橋梁支座(zuo)、伸縮縫、鋼(gang)波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)腹板(ban)(ban)橋、聲屏障、鋼(gang)便(bian)橋、土(tu)工材料、防水材料、金屬掛網、防眩(xuan)板(ban)(ban)、公(gong)(gong)路(lu)(lu)(lu)護欄等(deng)交(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)基礎(chu)設(she)(she)(she)(she)施(shi)和其他相應(ying)的(de)(de)(de)基礎(chu)設(she)(she)(she)(she)施(shi)。

實踐證(zheng)明，用鋼(gang)波紋(wen)涵(han)管(guan)代替鋼(gang)筋混凝土進行(xing)涵(han)洞(dong)(dong)施工(gong)，無(wu)論從(cong)施工(gong)周(zhou)期、施工(gong)造價、環(huan)保意(yi)義等方(fang)面都有(you)其不(bu)可(ke)比擬的(de)(de)(de)優越(yue)性，且(qie)用進行(xing)涵(han)洞(dong)(dong)施工(gong)，可(ke)大大提高道(dao)路(lu)行(xing)車的(de)(de)(de)舒(shu)適度與(yu)安全性，避免道(dao)路(lu)中涵(han)洞(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)“錯(cuo)臺跳車”現形，有(you)利于解決西北(bei)地區(qu)寒冷霜凍(dong)對砼(tong)管(guan)涵(han)結構的(de)(de)(de)破壞問題。

隨著(zhu)公(gong)路(lu)建設(she)、設(she)計(ji)、施(shi)工(gong)(gong)理(li)念的(de)(de)日趨完善,“設(she)計(ji)簡潔(jie)(jie)、施(shi)工(gong)(gong)方(fang)便(bian)”的(de)(de)設(she)計(ji)思想被應(ying)用(yong)(yong)。簡潔(jie)(jie)便(bian)于施(shi)工(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)圖設(she)計(ji)是縮短工(gong)(gong)期、降低(di)成本的(de)(de)有效途徑(jing)。水是影響路(lu)基強度和穩定(ding)性的(de)(de)一個重要(yao)因素(su),在公(gong)路(lu)工(gong)(gong)程中圓管涵(han)是排除地表水普遍的(de)(de)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)方(fang)式(shi)。當前,鋼(gang)筋(jin)混凝(ning)土(tu)圓管涵(han)自身笨重，在運輸(shu)、安裝、施(shi)工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)序等方(fang)面比較繁瑣。另外施(shi)工(gong)(gong)成本也(ye)比較高(gao)。隨著(zhu)鋼(gang)波(bo)紋涵(han)管的(de)(de)問世，鋼(gang)波(bo)紋涵(han)管逐漸取代了鋼(gang)筋(jin)混凝(ning)土(tu)圓涵(han)管在鐵路(lu)、公(gong)路(lu)等道(dao)路(lu)上(shang)的(de)(de)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)。本文結合甘肅(su)省合作市至冶力(li)關鎮二級公(gong)路(lu)改建工(gong)(gong)程（以(yi)下稱本工(gong)(gong)程）實際施(shi)工(gong)(gong)情況對(dui)鋼(gang)波(bo)紋涵(han)管的(de)(de)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)和技術(shu)要(yao)求進行淺談。

鋼波紋涵管介紹

鋼波紋涵管（YTHG）是替代圓(yuan)管(guan)涵(han)、蓋(gai)板涵(han)、拱涵(han)和小橋(qiao)的優(you)質公路(lu)和鐵路(lu)建筑(zhu)材料(liao)。該產品具有工期短、重量輕、安裝(zhuang)方便、耐久性(xing)好、工程造價低(di)、抗變形(xing)能力強(qiang)、減少(shao)通(tong)車后養護(hu)成本等特(te)點，尤其應用在高(gao)寒凍土地(di)區，軟(ruan)土路(lu)基地(di)帶，具有明顯的經濟效益。鋼波紋(wen)涵(han)管(guan)有圓(yuan)形(xing)、橢圓(yuan)形(xing)、半(ban)圓(yuan)形(xing)等，進(jin)出(chu)口也可按(an)照邊坡比例做成斜(xie)口，加工波紋(wen)管(guan)管(guan)徑范圍Φ0.5m～Φ8m，管(guan)壁厚度為3mm～7mm，能夠滿足填土0.5m～40m厚的需要。

公路工(gong)(gong)程的涵(han)洞普通(tong)采用鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)筋混凝(ning)土制造。現(xian)采用鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)波紋(wen)涵(han)管替代鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)筋混凝(ning)土停止涵(han)洞施工(gong)(gong)在國際時(shi)一項新技術(shu)，鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)波紋(wen)涵(han)管以其功能波動、裝置方便、有(you)利環保(bao)、造價高等優(you)點迅速在公路施工(gong)(gong)中替代了鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)筋混凝(ning)土施工(gong)(gong)的涵(han)洞，開展前景十分寬廣。

在公路(lu)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)中，使用鋼波紋涵管替代鋼筋(jin)混(hun)凝(ning)土停止(zhi)涵洞施(shi)(shi)工(gong)的歷史曾(ceng)經有100多年了(le)。在我(wo)國變革開放(fang)后，開端(duan)從國外出(chu)口(kou)成品(pin)波紋管涵停止(zhi)涵洞施(shi)(shi)工(gong)。之后，交通(tong)部(bu)迷信技術研討院對金屬波紋管涵停止(zhi)了(le)動(dong)、靜(jing)載實驗，后果標明能滿(man)足設計運(yun)用要求，填補了(le)國際(ji)的空白，且迅速(su)失掉推行使用。

理論證明，用(yong)鋼(gang)波(bo)紋(wen)涵管(guan)(guan)替代(dai)鋼(gang)筋混凝土(tu)停止涵洞(dong)(dong)施(shi)工(gong)，無論從施(shi)工(gong)周期、施(shi)工(gong)造價、環(huan)保意義等方(fang)面都有其不可(ke)比較的(de)優(you)越(yue)性(xing)(xing)，且用(yong)鋼(gang)波(bo)紋(wen)涵管(guan)(guan)停止涵洞(dong)(dong)施(shi)工(gong)，可(ke)大大進(jin)步路(lu)(lu)途(tu)(tu)行車(che)的(de)舒過度與平安(an)性(xing)(xing)，防止路(lu)(lu)途(tu)(tu)中涵洞(dong)(dong)的(de)“錯臺跳(tiao)車(che)”現形，有利于處理冰冷霜凍地(di)域(yu)對砼管(guan)(guan)涵構造的(de)毀壞成績(ji)。鋼(gang)波(bo)紋(wen)涵管(guan)(guan)洞(dong)(dong)次要(yao)在(zai)我國南方(fang)冰冷霜凍地(di)域(yu)逐(zhu)漸失掉推行運用(yong)，有關科研設計部(bu)門正(zheng)在(zai)編寫鋼(gang)波(bo)紋(wen)涵管(guan)(guan)的(de)計、施(shi)工(gong)標準。置信隨著對構造耐(nai)久性(xing)(xing)看(kan)法的(de)逐(zhu)漸進(jin)步，鋼(gang)波(bo)紋(wen)涵管(guan)(guan)在(zai)公路(lu)(lu)或其他(ta)工(gong)程中將(jiang)具(ju)有更(geng)寬廣的(de)使用(yong)前景。

經過鋼波紋涵管的施工，既放慢了施工進度，較同類型蓋板涵、拱涵施工比擬具有工期短、造價低、耐久性好、對地基擾動小、對根底要求較高等優點,又給其上的高填方提供了充沛的施工工夫，大大延長了工期，從總體工程思索浪費了投資，是普通涵管無法相比的，在公路新、改建工程、養護大中修工程中發揚了重要的作用。//hanihanbj.com/