鋼波紋管涵(han)洞的作用是迅速排除公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)路(lu)(lu)沿線的地表水，保證路(lu)(lu)基安全(quan)。作為公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)路(lu)(lu)工程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)的重(zhong)要(yao)組成部門之一，涵(han)洞在(zai)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)路(lu)(lu)工程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)占較大比例(li)，是公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)路(lu)(lu)工程(cheng)(cheng)的重(zhong)要(yao)組成部門，主要(yao)表現在(zai)工程(cheng)(cheng)數目和工程(cheng)(cheng)造價(jia)(jia)上。占有關資料(liao)先(xian)容：涵(han)洞工程(cheng)(cheng)數目約(yue)占橋涵(han)總(zong)數的60%一70%，平(ping)原地區(qu)，每公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里約(yue)有1～3座；山(shan)嶺(ling)重(zhong)丘區(qu)，每公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里均勻約(yue)有4～6座。涵(han)洞工程(cheng)(cheng)造價(jia)(jia)約(yue)占到(dao)橋涵(han)總(zong)額的40%左右。

拼接式鋼波紋管優勢和劣勢非常的明顯

鋼(gang)制波紋管(guan)涵出產(chan)涵洞是指在公(gong)路工(gong)程建設(she)中，為了使公(gong)路順利(li)通(tong)(tong)過水渠(qu)不妨礙交(jiao)通(tong)(tong)，設(she)于(yu)路基(ji)下(xia)修筑于(yu)路面以下(xia)的(de)排(pai)水孔道（過水通(tong)(tong)道），通(tong)(tong)過這種(zhong)結構(gou)可以讓水從(cong)公(gong)路的(de)下(xia)面流過。用于(yu)跨越(yue)自然(ran)溝谷凹(ao)地排(pai)泄洪水，或(huo)橫跨大小道路作為人、畜和車(che)輛的(de)立交(jiao)通(tong)(tong)道，或(huo)農田(tian)澆灌作為水渠(qu)。涵洞主要由洞身、基(ji)礎、端和翼墻等。涵洞是根(gen)據連通(tong)(tong)器的(de)原理，常用磚、石(shi)、混凝土和鋼(gang)筋混凝土等材(cai)料筑成。一般(ban)孔徑(jing)較小，外形有管(guan)形、箱形及拱(gong)形等。

鋼(gang)波紋管(guan)涵(han)(han)的發(fa)展(zhan)在我們高(gao)速公(gong)路建設過程(cheng)中,涵(han)(han)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)是一(yi)種常見(jian)的結(jie)構(gou)也(ye)是一(yi)種十分重要的結(jie)構(gou),涵(han)(han)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)結(jie)構(gou)一(yi)直采用箱涵(han)(han)、蓋板涵(han)(han)、圓管(guan)涵(han)(han)、拱涵(han)(han)等幾種型式,涵(han)(han)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)在施工(gong)中存(cun)(cun)在設計(ji)繁瑣(suo),施工(gong)時間周(zhou)期長,涵(han)(han)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)的孔徑周(zhou)期小輕易泛(fan)起(qi)沉降和跳(tiao)車(che)等題(ti)目(mu)。鋼(gang)筋(jin)混凝土涵(han)(han)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)在常年泛(fan)起(qi)凍(dong)土、膨(peng)脹土和軟土燈不亮的地(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)前(qian)提地(di)(di)(di)區和高(gao)填方路段,地(di)(di)(di)震多發(fa)地(di)(di)(di)帶(dai)的公(gong)路和鐵路地(di)(di)(di)帶(dai)的運營中會(hui)泛(fan)起(qi)不同(tong)程(cheng)度(du)的損(sun)害還會(hui)對涵(han)(han)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)的征途造成破壞,會(hui)造成路面大面積的塌陷給(gei)高(gao)速公(gong)路的行車(che)帶(dai)來很大的不便還會(hui)給(gei)行車(che)人帶(dai)來很大的安(an)全隱患。針對涵(han)(han)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)存(cun)(cun)在的題(ti)目(mu),推廣新型的結(jie)構(gou)來改(gai)善傳統涵(han)(han)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)的不足,因此鋼(gang)管(guan)波紋管(guan)管(guan)涵(han)(han)營運而(er)生。

鋼波紋管為了確定能(neng)知足(zu)機(ji)械密封特殊要求(qiu)的(de)更佳波(bo)紋(wen)管涵,海內(nei)外對波(bo)紋(wen)管涵的(de)剛度(du)特性(xing)進行了大量的(de)研究(jiu),分別采(cai)用能(neng)量法(fa)(fa)、數值(zhi)法(fa)(fa)和圓(yuan)環板純彎曲(qu)理論(lun)推導出多個波(bo)紋(wen)管涵剛度(du)計(ji)算式[2～5]。目前,海內(nei)推薦(jian)采(cai)用的(de)剛度(du)計(ji)算式為:K=πEDmδ3nω3.d2d1。

金(jin)屬(shu)波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)管(guan)(guan)(guan)涵在機(ji)械(xie)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封的運轉過程(cheng)中,焊(han)接金(jin)屬(shu)波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)管(guan)(guan)(guan)涵不僅能補償及(ji)緩沖動(dong)(dong)環(huan)因(yin)磨損(sun)、軸向串動(dong)(dong)及(ji)振動(dong)(dong)等原(yuan)因(yin)產生(sheng)的軸向位移;同時(shi),還利用(yong)其本身的彈(dan)(dan)性(xing)(xing)力并與密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封介質壓力一起(qi)使密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封端(duan)面產生(sheng)一定的比壓,從而達到(dao)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封的目的。因(yin)此(ci),其彈(dan)(dan)性(xing)(xing)機(ji)能的好壞將直接影響到(dao)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封的機(ji)能。表征波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)管(guan)(guan)(guan)涵彈(dan)(dan)性(xing)(xing)的參數稱為波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)管(guan)(guan)(guan)涵剛(gang)度,即K=limΔl→0ΔFΔl=dFdl

焊(han)接金屬波紋管(guan)涵是由多個(ge)波紋膜片通(tong)過環向(xiang)焊(han)接而成的(de)(de)(de)一種撓性元(yuan)件,因(yin)為其具(ju)有獨(du)特的(de)(de)(de)幾何結構(gou)和力學特性,可以(yi)適合多種不同的(de)(de)(de)密(mi)封(feng)要(yao)求。其中,作為惡劣工(gong)況下機械密(mi)封(feng)的(de)(de)(de)彈性元(yuan)件已得到海內外的(de)(de)(de)認(ren)同,并得到的(de)(de)(de)應(ying)用。