公路工程的一般采用鋼筋混凝土制作。現采用鋼波紋涵管代(dai)替鋼(gang)筋(jin)混凝土(tu)進行(xing)涵(han)洞(dong)(dong)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)在國內時一項新技術，以其性能穩定、安裝方便、有利環保(bao)、造價(jia)低等優點迅速在公(gong)路施(shi)工(gong)(gong)中(zhong)代(dai)替了鋼(gang)筋(jin)混凝土(tu)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)的涵(han)洞(dong)(dong)，發(fa)展前景(jing)非常廣(guang)闊。在公(gong)路施(shi)工(gong)(gong)中(zhong)，應用鋼(gang)波紋(wen)涵(han)管代(dai)替鋼(gang)筋(jin)混凝土(tu)進行(xing)涵(han)洞(dong)(dong)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)的歷史已經有100多年了。

新技術材料，鋼波紋涵管代替鋼筋混凝土

1896年(nian)，美國(guo)率行(xing)波紋(wen)(wen)(wen)涵(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)管(guan)(guan)(guan)通(tong)(tong)道(dao)、涵(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)管(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)可行(xing)性研究。其(qi)后(hou)，在(zai)美國(guo)、加(jia)拿(na)大(da)、澳大(da)利(li)亞等國(guo)的(de)公(gong)(gong)路建(jian)設(she)(she)中，均采用了鋼(gang)波紋(wen)(wen)(wen)涵(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)管(guan)(guan)(guan)進(jin)行(xing)涵(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)洞的(de)施(shi)(shi)工。1990年(nian)，日本高速公(gong)(gong)路設(she)(she)計，規(gui)(gui)范制定了波紋(wen)(wen)(wen)管(guan)(guan)(guan)涵(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)設(she)(she)計技(ji)術規(gui)(gui)范。隨著在(zai)世(shi)界各(ge)(ge)地(di)的(de)安裝使(shi)用，證(zheng)明了此(ci)種結(jie)構在(zai)各(ge)(ge)種使(shi)用情況下的(de)通(tong)(tong)用性。在(zai)我國(guo)改(gai)革開(kai)放后(hou)，深圳及大(da)同煤礦開(kai)始從國(guo)外(wai)進(jin)口(kou)成(cheng)品波紋(wen)(wen)(wen)管(guan)(guan)(guan)涵(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)進(jin)行(xing)涵(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)洞施(shi)(shi)工。之后(hou)，上海市(shi)公(gong)(gong)路管(guan)(guan)(guan)理處(chu)、上海市(shi)政工程(cheng)設(she)(she)計研究院、上海同濟大(da)學對金屬(shu)波紋(wen)(wen)(wen)管(guan)(guan)(guan)涵(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)進(jin)行(xing)了動、靜載試驗，結(jie)果表明能滿足設(she)(she)計使(shi)用要(yao)求，填補了國(guo)內的(de)空白，且迅速得(de)到(dao)推廣應(ying)用。幕墻一(yi)貫反應(ying)用于我國(guo)各(ge)(ge)地(di)公(gong)(gong)路設(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)建(jian)設(she)(she)當中。鋼(gang)波紋(wen)(wen)(wen)涵(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)管(guan)(guan)(guan)投入到(dao)了青(qing)海公(gong)(gong)路施(shi)(shi)工當中，三年(nian)的(de)實踐證(zheng)明，鋼(gang)波紋(wen)(wen)(wen)管(guan)(guan)(guan)涵(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)在(zai)北(bei)方寒冷地(di)區完全符合公(gong)(gong)路建(jian)設(she)(she)當中的(de)涵(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)洞施(shi)(shi)工要(yao)求。陜西通(tong)(tong)途(tu)交通(tong)(tong)設(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)有限公(gong)(gong)司是(shi)一(yi)家生(sheng)產(chan)公(gong)(gong)路涵(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)洞通(tong)(tong)道(dao)用波紋(wen)(wen)(wen)鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)（板(ban)）的(de)企業(ye)，主要(yao)產(chan)品包(bao)括(kuo)公(gong)(gong)路涵(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)洞通(tong)(tong)道(dao)用波紋(wen)(wen)(wen)鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)（板(ban)）、相關配套設(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)有橋(qiao)梁支座、伸縮縫、鋼(gang)波紋(wen)(wen)(wen)腹板(ban)橋(qiao)、聲屏障、鋼(gang)便橋(qiao)、土(tu)工材料(liao)、防水材料(liao)、金屬(shu)掛網、防眩板(ban)、公(gong)(gong)路護欄等交通(tong)(tong)基(ji)礎設(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)和其(qi)他相應(ying)的(de)基(ji)礎設(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)。

實(shi)踐證明，用鋼(gang)波紋(wen)涵(han)(han)管(guan)代替鋼(gang)筋混凝土進(jin)行涵(han)(han)洞(dong)施工(gong)，無(wu)論(lun)從施工(gong)周期、施工(gong)造價、環保意義等方(fang)面(mian)都有其不(bu)可比(bi)擬的(de)優越性，且用進(jin)行涵(han)(han)洞(dong)施工(gong)，可大大提高道路行車的(de)舒適度與(yu)安(an)全性，避免道路中涵(han)(han)洞(dong)的(de)“錯臺(tai)跳車”現形，有利于解決(jue)西北地區寒冷霜凍對砼管(guan)涵(han)(han)結(jie)構(gou)的(de)破(po)壞問(wen)題。

隨(sui)著公(gong)(gong)路(lu)建(jian)設(she)(she)、設(she)(she)計(ji)、施工(gong)(gong)理念的(de)(de)日趨完(wan)善,“設(she)(she)計(ji)簡潔、施工(gong)(gong)方便”的(de)(de)設(she)(she)計(ji)思想被應用。簡潔便于施工(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)施工(gong)(gong)圖設(she)(she)計(ji)是縮短工(gong)(gong)期、降(jiang)低成本的(de)(de)有效途徑。水是影響路(lu)基強度(du)和(he)穩定性的(de)(de)一個重要因素,在公(gong)(gong)路(lu)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)中圓管(guan)(guan)(guan)涵(han)(han)是排除地表水普遍的(de)(de)應用方式。當前(qian),鋼筋混(hun)凝土圓管(guan)(guan)(guan)涵(han)(han)自身笨重，在運輸(shu)、安裝、施工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)序等(deng)方面比較繁瑣(suo)。另外(wai)施工(gong)(gong)成本也比較高。隨(sui)著鋼波(bo)(bo)紋涵(han)(han)管(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)問世，鋼波(bo)(bo)紋涵(han)(han)管(guan)(guan)(guan)逐漸取代(dai)了鋼筋混(hun)凝土圓涵(han)(han)管(guan)(guan)(guan)在鐵路(lu)、公(gong)(gong)路(lu)等(deng)道路(lu)上的(de)(de)應用。本文(wen)結(jie)合甘肅(su)省合作市至冶(ye)力(li)關鎮二級公(gong)(gong)路(lu)改(gai)建(jian)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)（以下稱本工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)）實際施工(gong)(gong)情況對鋼波(bo)(bo)紋涵(han)(han)管(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)施工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)和(he)技(ji)術要求(qiu)進行淺(qian)談。

鋼波紋涵管介紹

鋼波紋涵管（YTHG）是替代圓管涵(han)、蓋板涵(han)、拱涵(han)和小(xiao)橋的優質公路和鐵路建筑(zhu)材料。該產品具有(you)工(gong)期短、重(zhong)量(liang)輕、安(an)裝方便、耐久性好、工(gong)程(cheng)造價低、抗變形(xing)能力強(qiang)、減少通車后養護成(cheng)本(ben)等(deng)特點，尤其應用在高寒凍土地區，軟(ruan)土路基地帶，具有(you)明顯的經(jing)濟(ji)效益。鋼(gang)波紋涵(han)管有(you)圓形(xing)、橢圓形(xing)、半(ban)圓形(xing)等(deng)，進出口(kou)也(ye)可按(an)照邊坡(po)比例做(zuo)成(cheng)斜口(kou)，加(jia)工(gong)波紋管管徑范圍Φ0.5m～Φ8m，管壁(bi)厚度為3mm～7mm，能夠滿足(zu)填(tian)土0.5m～40m厚的需要(yao)。

公路工程的涵(han)(han)洞普通采(cai)(cai)用鋼(gang)筋(jin)混(hun)凝土制造(zao)。現采(cai)(cai)用鋼(gang)波紋涵(han)(han)管替(ti)代鋼(gang)筋(jin)混(hun)凝土停止(zhi)涵(han)(han)洞施工在國際時一項新技術，鋼(gang)波紋涵(han)(han)管以其功(gong)能(neng)波動、裝置方便、有利環保、造(zao)價高等優點迅(xun)速在公路施工中替(ti)代了鋼(gang)筋(jin)混(hun)凝土施工的涵(han)(han)洞，開展前景(jing)十分寬(kuan)廣。

在公路施工中，使用(yong)鋼(gang)波(bo)紋(wen)涵(han)管(guan)替代鋼(gang)筋混凝土停止涵(han)洞施工的歷史曾(ceng)經(jing)有100多年了(le)。在我(wo)國變(bian)革開(kai)放后，開(kai)端從國外出口成品波(bo)紋(wen)管(guan)涵(han)停止涵(han)洞施工。之后，交通部迷信(xin)技(ji)術(shu)研討院對金屬(shu)波(bo)紋(wen)管(guan)涵(han)停止了(le)動、靜載實驗，后果(guo)標明能滿(man)足設計運用(yong)要求(qiu)，填補(bu)了(le)國際的空白，且迅速失掉(diao)推行使用(yong)。

理論(lun)證明(ming)，用(yong)鋼波(bo)(bo)紋(wen)涵(han)(han)管(guan)(guan)替代(dai)鋼筋混凝(ning)土停止(zhi)涵(han)(han)洞施(shi)工(gong)(gong)，無論(lun)從施(shi)工(gong)(gong)周(zhou)期、施(shi)工(gong)(gong)造(zao)價、環保意義等方(fang)面都有(you)(you)(you)其不可(ke)比較的(de)(de)優越(yue)性，且用(yong)鋼波(bo)(bo)紋(wen)涵(han)(han)管(guan)(guan)停止(zhi)涵(han)(han)洞施(shi)工(gong)(gong)，可(ke)大(da)大(da)進(jin)步路途(tu)行車的(de)(de)舒過度與(yu)平安性，防止(zhi)路途(tu)中涵(han)(han)洞的(de)(de)“錯臺跳車”現形，有(you)(you)(you)利于處理冰冷霜(shuang)凍(dong)地域對砼管(guan)(guan)涵(han)(han)構(gou)造(zao)的(de)(de)毀壞(huai)成(cheng)績。鋼波(bo)(bo)紋(wen)涵(han)(han)管(guan)(guan)洞次要在(zai)(zai)我國南方(fang)冰冷霜(shuang)凍(dong)地域逐漸失掉推行運用(yong)，有(you)(you)(you)關科研設計部門正在(zai)(zai)編寫鋼波(bo)(bo)紋(wen)涵(han)(han)管(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)計、施(shi)工(gong)(gong)標準。置信隨著對構(gou)造(zao)耐(nai)久性看法的(de)(de)逐漸進(jin)步，鋼波(bo)(bo)紋(wen)涵(han)(han)管(guan)(guan)在(zai)(zai)公路或其他(ta)工(gong)(gong)程中將(jiang)具有(you)(you)(you)更(geng)寬廣的(de)(de)使(shi)用(yong)前景。

經過鋼波紋涵管的施工，既放慢了施工進度，較同類型蓋板涵、拱涵施工比擬具有工期短、造價低、耐久性好、對地基擾動小、對根底要求較高等優點,又給其上的高填方提供了充沛的施工工夫，大大延長了工期，從總體工程思索浪費了投資，是普通涵管無法相比的，在公路新、改建工程、養護大中修工程中發揚了重要的作用。//hanihanbj.com/