公路工程的一般采用鋼筋混凝土制作。現采用鋼波紋涵管代(dai)替鋼(gang)筋混(hun)凝土(tu)進(jin)行涵(han)洞施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)在(zai)國內(nei)時一項新技術(shu),以其(qi)性(xing)能穩定、安裝方便(bian)、有利(li)環保(bao)、造價低(di)等(deng)優點迅(xun)速在(zai)公路施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)中代(dai)替了(le)鋼(gang)筋混(hun)凝土(tu)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)涵(han)洞,發(fa)展前(qian)景非常廣闊。在(zai)公路施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)中,應(ying)用鋼(gang)波紋(wen)涵(han)管(guan)代(dai)替鋼(gang)筋混(hun)凝土(tu)進(jin)行涵(han)洞施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)歷史已(yi)經(jing)有100多(duo)年了(le)。
1896年,美國率行波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)紋(wen)涵(han)管(guan)(guan)通(tong)(tong)(tong)道(dao)、涵(han)管(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)可行性研究(jiu)。其后(hou),在美國、加(jia)拿大、澳大利亞等國的(de)(de)(de)公(gong)(gong)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)建設(she)(she)(she)中(zhong)(zhong),均(jun)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)了(le)鋼(gang)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)紋(wen)涵(han)管(guan)(guan)進行涵(han)洞的(de)(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)工。1990年,日本高(gao)速(su)公(gong)(gong)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji),規(gui)范制定了(le)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)紋(wen)管(guan)(guan)涵(han)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)技術規(gui)范。隨著在世界各(ge)地的(de)(de)(de)安裝使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong),證(zheng)明了(le)此種(zhong)結(jie)構在各(ge)種(zhong)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)情況(kuang)下的(de)(de)(de)通(tong)(tong)(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)性。在我國改革開放后(hou),深圳及(ji)大同煤礦開始從國外(wai)進口成品波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)紋(wen)管(guan)(guan)涵(han)進行涵(han)洞施(shi)(shi)工。之后(hou),上海(hai)市(shi)公(gong)(gong)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)管(guan)(guan)理(li)處(chu)、上海(hai)市(shi)政工程設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)研究(jiu)院(yuan)、上海(hai)同濟大學對(dui)金(jin)屬(shu)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)紋(wen)管(guan)(guan)涵(han)進行了(le)動、靜載試驗,結(jie)果表明能滿足設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)要(yao)求,填補(bu)了(le)國內的(de)(de)(de)空白,且迅速(su)得到推廣應用(yong)(yong)(yong)。幕墻一(yi)貫反應用(yong)(yong)(yong)于我國各(ge)地公(gong)(gong)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)設(she)(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)建設(she)(she)(she)當中(zhong)(zhong)。鋼(gang)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)紋(wen)涵(han)管(guan)(guan)投入(ru)到了(le)青海(hai)公(gong)(gong)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)施(shi)(shi)工當中(zhong)(zhong),三年的(de)(de)(de)實踐證(zheng)明,鋼(gang)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)紋(wen)管(guan)(guan)涵(han)在北方寒冷地區完(wan)全符合公(gong)(gong)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)建設(she)(she)(she)當中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)涵(han)洞施(shi)(shi)工要(yao)求。陜西通(tong)(tong)(tong)途交(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)設(she)(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)有限(xian)公(gong)(gong)司是一(yi)家生產(chan)公(gong)(gong)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)涵(han)洞通(tong)(tong)(tong)道(dao)用(yong)(yong)(yong)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)紋(wen)鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)(板(ban)(ban))的(de)(de)(de)企(qi)業,主要(yao)產(chan)品包括公(gong)(gong)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)涵(han)洞通(tong)(tong)(tong)道(dao)用(yong)(yong)(yong)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)紋(wen)鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)(板(ban)(ban))、相關配套設(she)(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)有橋梁(liang)支座、伸縮縫、鋼(gang)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)紋(wen)腹板(ban)(ban)橋、聲屏障、鋼(gang)便(bian)橋、土工材料、防水(shui)材料、金(jin)屬(shu)掛(gua)網、防眩(xuan)板(ban)(ban)、公(gong)(gong)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)護(hu)欄等交(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)基(ji)礎設(she)(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)和(he)其他(ta)相應的(de)(de)(de)基(ji)礎設(she)(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)。
實踐證明,用鋼(gang)(gang)波紋涵(han)管代替(ti)鋼(gang)(gang)筋混凝土進行涵(han)洞施(shi)工(gong),無論從施(shi)工(gong)周(zhou)期(qi)、施(shi)工(gong)造(zao)價、環保意義等方面都有其不可比擬的(de)優越性,且用進行涵(han)洞施(shi)工(gong),可大(da)大(da)提高(gao)道(dao)路(lu)(lu)行車的(de)舒適度與安全性,避免道(dao)路(lu)(lu)中(zhong)涵(han)洞的(de)“錯臺跳車”現形,有利于(yu)解(jie)決西北(bei)地區寒冷(leng)霜凍對砼管涵(han)結構(gou)的(de)破壞問(wen)題(ti)。
隨著(zhu)公路建設(she)(she)、設(she)(she)計(ji)、施(shi)工(gong)(gong)理念的(de)日趨完善,“設(she)(she)計(ji)簡(jian)潔(jie)、施(shi)工(gong)(gong)方(fang)便(bian)”的(de)設(she)(she)計(ji)思想被應用(yong)。簡(jian)潔(jie)便(bian)于施(shi)工(gong)(gong)的(de)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)圖設(she)(she)計(ji)是縮(suo)短工(gong)(gong)期、降低成(cheng)本(ben)(ben)的(de)有效途徑。水是影響路基強(qiang)度(du)和穩定性的(de)一個重(zhong)要因(yin)素,在公路工(gong)(gong)程中圓管(guan)涵是排除(chu)地表水普遍的(de)應用(yong)方(fang)式。當前,鋼(gang)(gang)筋(jin)混(hun)凝(ning)土(tu)圓管(guan)涵自身笨重(zhong),在運(yun)輸(shu)、安裝、施(shi)工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)序等方(fang)面比(bi)較(jiao)繁瑣。另外施(shi)工(gong)(gong)成(cheng)本(ben)(ben)也(ye)比(bi)較(jiao)高(gao)。隨著(zhu)鋼(gang)(gang)波(bo)紋涵管(guan)的(de)問世,鋼(gang)(gang)波(bo)紋涵管(guan)逐(zhu)漸取代了鋼(gang)(gang)筋(jin)混(hun)凝(ning)土(tu)圓涵管(guan)在鐵(tie)路、公路等道路上(shang)的(de)應用(yong)。本(ben)(ben)文結合甘(gan)肅省(sheng)合作(zuo)市至(zhi)冶力關鎮二級公路改建工(gong)(gong)程(以下(xia)稱(cheng)本(ben)(ben)工(gong)(gong)程)實(shi)際施(shi)工(gong)(gong)情況對鋼(gang)(gang)波(bo)紋涵管(guan)的(de)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)藝和技術要求進行淺談(tan)。
鋼波紋涵管介紹
鋼波紋涵管(YTHG)是替(ti)代(dai)圓(yuan)管(guan)涵、蓋板涵、拱涵和小橋(qiao)的優質公路和鐵(tie)路建筑材料(liao)。該產(chan)品(pin)具有(you)工(gong)期短、重量(liang)輕、安裝方便、耐(nai)久性好、工(gong)程造價低、抗變形能力(li)強、減少通車后養護成本等(deng)特點(dian),尤(you)其(qi)應用在高寒凍土(tu)(tu)地(di)區(qu),軟土(tu)(tu)路基地(di)帶(dai),具有(you)明顯(xian)的經濟效益(yi)。鋼波紋(wen)(wen)涵管(guan)有(you)圓(yuan)形、橢圓(yuan)形、半(ban)圓(yuan)形等(deng),進出口(kou)也(ye)可按照(zhao)邊(bian)坡比(bi)例(li)做成斜口(kou),加工(gong)波紋(wen)(wen)管(guan)管(guan)徑范圍(wei)Φ0.5m~Φ8m,管(guan)壁厚度為3mm~7mm,能夠滿足填(tian)土(tu)(tu)0.5m~40m厚的需要。
公(gong)路工程的涵(han)(han)洞普通采用鋼(gang)筋混(hun)凝(ning)土(tu)制造。現采用鋼(gang)波(bo)(bo)紋涵(han)(han)管替(ti)代鋼(gang)筋混(hun)凝(ning)土(tu)停止(zhi)涵(han)(han)洞施工在國際時一(yi)項新(xin)技術,鋼(gang)波(bo)(bo)紋涵(han)(han)管以其(qi)功能波(bo)(bo)動(dong)、裝置方便、有利環保、造價高等(deng)優點迅速在公(gong)路施工中替(ti)代了鋼(gang)筋混(hun)凝(ning)土(tu)施工的涵(han)(han)洞,開展前(qian)景十分寬廣。
在公路施工(gong)中,使用(yong)鋼(gang)(gang)波紋(wen)涵管(guan)替(ti)代鋼(gang)(gang)筋(jin)混凝土停止涵洞施工(gong)的歷史(shi)曾經有100多年(nian)了。在我國變革開放后,開端從國外出口成(cheng)品波紋(wen)管(guan)涵停止涵洞施工(gong)。之后,交通部迷信技術研討院對金屬波紋(wen)管(guan)涵停止了動、靜載實(shi)驗,后果(guo)標(biao)明能滿足設計運用(yong)要求(qiu),填補了國際的空白,且(qie)迅速失掉推行使用(yong)。
理論(lun)證(zheng)明(ming),用(yong)鋼波(bo)紋(wen)涵管替(ti)代鋼筋混(hun)凝土停止(zhi)涵洞施工,無論(lun)從施工周期、施工造(zao)價、環保意義等(deng)方(fang)面都有(you)(you)其不可比較的優越性(xing),且(qie)用(yong)鋼波(bo)紋(wen)涵管停止(zhi)涵洞施工,可大大進步路(lu)途行車(che)的舒過度與平安性(xing),防止(zhi)路(lu)途中(zhong)(zhong)涵洞的“錯臺跳(tiao)車(che)”現形,有(you)(you)利于處(chu)理冰冷霜凍地(di)(di)域對砼管涵構造(zao)的毀壞(huai)成績(ji)。鋼波(bo)紋(wen)涵管洞次要在我國南方(fang)冰冷霜凍地(di)(di)域逐漸失掉推行運(yun)用(yong),有(you)(you)關(guan)科研設計部門(men)正在編寫鋼波(bo)紋(wen)涵管的計、施工標準(zhun)。置信隨著對構造(zao)耐久性(xing)看法的逐漸進步,鋼波(bo)紋(wen)涵管在公(gong)路(lu)或(huo)其他工程中(zhong)(zhong)將具有(you)(you)更寬(kuan)廣(guang)的使用(yong)前景。
經過鋼波紋涵管的施工,既放慢了施工進度,較同類型蓋板涵、拱涵施工比擬具有工期短、造價低、耐久性好、對地基擾動小、對根底要求較高等優點,又給其上的高填方提供了充沛的施工工夫,大大延長了工期,從總體工程思索浪費了投資,是普通涵管無法相比的,在公路新、改建工程、養護大中修工程中發揚了重要的作用。//hanihanbj.com/
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