鋼波紋管液壓(ya)成(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)工(gong)藝的樞紐是階段的成(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)壓(ya)力和脹(zhang)形(xing)(xing)(xing)程(cheng)度(du)，通過成(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)壓(ya)力來控(kong)制脹(zhang)形(xing)(xing)(xing)程(cheng)度(du)，假(jia)如脹(zhang)形(xing)(xing)(xing)程(cheng)度(du)較大，管(guan)材輕(qing)易破裂，假(jia)如脹(zhang)形(xing)(xing)(xing)程(cheng)度(du)太小，脹(zhang)形(xing)(xing)(xing)沒(mei)有(you)起到軸向(xiang)定(ding)位作用，成(cheng)型之后的波紋管(guan)波紋不齊(qi)，成(cheng)品率(lv)比較低。

拼裝鋼波紋管的運輸優勢還是非常明顯的

鋼波紋管液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)屬(shu)于極(ji)薄壁管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)復(fu)合(he)脹(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，是軟(ruan)模(mo)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)技術的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一種。它以(yi)液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)流體為(wei)軟(ruan)模(mo)，以(yi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)凹(ao)模(mo)為(wei)硬模(mo)。液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)脹(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)主要有兩個階段(duan)，脹(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)階段(duan)，管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)材(cai)(cai)兩端(duan)和成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)模(mo)具都固定不動(dong)，極(ji)薄壁管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)在(zai)模(mo)具的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)限制和管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)內的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)液(ye)體壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用下(xia)進(jin)行徑向(xiang)(xiang)膨脹(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)。脹(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)程度比較(jiao)小，其(qi)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)就是讓(rang)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)模(mo)具在(zai)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)材(cai)(cai)上(shang)軸(zhou)(zhou)向(xiang)(xiang)定位。成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)第二個階段(duan)，管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)材(cai)(cai)在(zai)內壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力和軸(zhou)(zhou)向(xiang)(xiang)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)復(fu)合(he)作(zuo)用下(xia)，進(jin)一步進(jin)行脹(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。在(zai)此階段(duan)，在(zai)軸(zhou)(zhou)向(xiang)(xiang)力的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用下(xia)，成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)凹(ao)模(mo)進(jin)行軸(zhou)(zhou)向(xiang)(xiang)移動(dong)，知道各個成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)凹(ao)模(mo)相互貼(tie)合(he)在(zai)一起，成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)完畢。在(zai)此階段(duan)，管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)材(cai)(cai)軸(zhou)(zhou)向(xiang)(xiang)縮短，在(zai)波紋(wen)處(chu)徑向(xiang)(xiang)擴(kuo)脹(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)。根據(ju)金屬(shu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)原理(li)，金屬(shu)在(zai)塑性(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)過程中體積不變(bian)，波紋(wen)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)徑向(xiang)(xiang)擴(kuo)脹(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)需要的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)材(cai)(cai)料通(tong)過管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)材(cai)(cai)軸(zhou)(zhou)向(xiang)(xiang)縮短來增補，而軸(zhou)(zhou)向(xiang)(xiang)加壓(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)脹(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)就是促進(jin)這種材(cai)(cai)料轉移的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)順利進(jin)行。軸(zhou)(zhou)向(xiang)(xiang)加壓(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)脹(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)可以(yi)進(jin)步材(cai)(cai)料的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)脹(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)程度，可以(yi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)波紋(wen)深度較(jiao)深的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)波紋(wen)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，可以(yi)進(jin)步波紋(wen)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)率(lv)。同(tong)時(shi)液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)也比較(jiao)平(ping)均(jun)，并能獲(huo)得(de)良好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)表面質量。正由于具有上(shang)述良多長處(chu)，液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)才能成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)金屬(shu)波紋(wen)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主流技術。

實踐證(zheng)實，用鋼波紋管(guan)(guan)涵(han)代替(ti)鋼筋混凝土進(jin)行(xing)涵(han)洞施工，不管(guan)(guan)從施工周期、施工造價、環保意義等方面都有其不可相比的(de)優勝性(xing)，且用金屬(shu)波紋管(guan)(guan)涵(han)進(jin)行(xing)涵(han)洞施工，可大大進(jin)步(bu)道(dao)路行(xing)車(che)的(de)恬(tian)靜(jing)度與安全性(xing)，避免道(dao)路中涵(han)洞的(de)“錯臺跳車(che)”現形(xing)，有利(li)于解決西北地區嚴寒霜凍對砼管(guan)(guan)涵(han)結構的(de)破(po)壞(huai)題(ti)目。

跟著鋼(gang)波(bo)紋管(guan)涵在(zai)世界各(ge)地的安裝使(shi)用(yong)，證(zheng)實了(le)(le)此(ci)種(zhong)結構在(zai)各(ge)種(zhong)使(shi)用(yong)情況下的通用(yong)性。在(zai)我(wo)國(guo)(guo)改革(ge)開放(fang)后，深圳及大同煤礦開始從國(guo)(guo)外入(ru)口成(cheng)品鋼(gang)波(bo)紋管(guan)涵進(jin)行涵洞施工。之后，上海(hai)市公路(lu)(lu)治理處、上海(hai)市政工程設計研究院(yuan)、上海(hai)同濟大學對(dui)鋼(gang)波(bo)紋管(guan)涵進(jin)行了(le)(le)動、靜載試驗，結果表明能(neng)知足(zu)設計使(shi)用(yong)要(yao)求，填補了(le)(le)海(hai)內的空缺，且(qie)迅速得到推廣應用(yong)。幕(mu)墻一貫(guan)反(fan)應用(yong)于(yu)我(wo)國(guo)(guo)各(ge)地公路(lu)(lu)舉(ju)措措施建(jian)設當中。鋼(gang)波(bo)紋管(guan)涵投入(ru)到了(le)(le)青(qing)海(hai)公路(lu)(lu)施工當中，三(san)年的實踐證(zheng)實，鋼(gang)波(bo)紋管(guan)涵在(zai)北方嚴寒地區(qu)完(wan)全符合公路(lu)(lu)建(jian)設當中的涵洞施工要(yao)求。

拼裝鋼波紋管

在公(gong)(gong)路(lu)施(shi)工中，應用鋼(gang)波紋管(guan)(guan)涵(han)(han)代替(ti)鋼(gang)筋(jin)混凝土進行涵(han)(han)洞(dong)施(shi)工的歷史已經有100多(duo)年了。1896年，美國(guo)率(lv)提(ti)高(gao)前輩行鋼(gang)波紋管(guan)(guan)涵(han)(han)通道、涵(han)(han)管(guan)(guan)的可行性研究。其后，在美國(guo)、加拿大、澳大利(li)亞等國(guo)的公(gong)(gong)路(lu)建(jian)設中，均采用了鋼(gang)波紋管(guan)(guan)涵(han)(han)進行涵(han)(han)洞(dong)的施(shi)工。1990年，日本高(gao)速(su)公(gong)(gong)路(lu)設計，規范(fan)制(zhi)定了鋼(gang)波紋管(guan)(guan)涵(han)(han)設計技術規范(fan)。

拼裝鋼波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)是(shi)將薄鋼板板面(mian)(mian)壓(ya)成(cheng)波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)后，卷制(zhi)成(cheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)節，可以(yi)增加管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)節的(de)(de)剛(gang)度和(he)對(dui)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)軸壓(ya)力的(de)(de)抵擋強度；出廠前采用熱(re)浸鍍鋅工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)和(he)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)現場噴涂瀝青(qing)，雙層防腐處理保(bao)證了使(shi)用壽命；用此種管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)節修建(jian)的(de)(de)涵(han)(han)(han)洞(dong)被稱為鋼波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)涵(han)(han)(han)。實踐(jian)證實，用鋼波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)涵(han)(han)(han)代(dai)替(ti)(ti)鋼筋(jin)(jin)混(hun)凝(ning)土進(jin)行涵(han)(han)(han)洞(dong)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)，不(bu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)從施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)周期、施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)造價、環(huan)保(bao)意義(yi)等方面(mian)(mian)都有其不(bu)可相比的(de)(de)優勝性，且用鋼波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)涵(han)(han)(han)進(jin)行涵(han)(han)(han)洞(dong)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)，可大(da)大(da)進(jin)步道路(lu)行車的(de)(de)恬靜度與安全性，避免(mian)道路(lu)中(zhong)(zhong)涵(han)(han)(han)洞(dong)的(de)(de)“錯臺跳車”現形，有利(li)于解(jie)決西北地區嚴寒霜(shuang)凍對(dui)砼管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)涵(han)(han)(han)結構的(de)(de)破壞題(ti)目。公路(lu)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的(de)(de)涵(han)(han)(han)洞(dong)一般采用鋼筋(jin)(jin)混(hun)凝(ning)土制(zhi)作。現采用鋼波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)涵(han)(han)(han)代(dai)替(ti)(ti)鋼筋(jin)(jin)混(hun)凝(ning)土進(jin)行涵(han)(han)(han)洞(dong)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)在海內時一項(xiang)新技(ji)術，鋼波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)涵(han)(han)(han)以(yi)其機(ji)能不(bu)亂、安裝利(li)便、有利(li)環(huan)保(bao)、造價低等長處迅(xun)速在公路(lu)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)中(zhong)(zhong)代(dai)替(ti)(ti)了鋼筋(jin)(jin)混(hun)凝(ning)土施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)涵(han)(han)(han)洞(dong)，發展遠景非常廣闊(kuo)。