在中國公路建設過程中,鋼波紋涵管涵(han)(han)洞(dong)(dong)作為一種主要的(de)和常見的(de)構(gou)造(zao)舉措(cuo)措(cuo)施,一般為滿足排(pai)水、通道的(de)要求,多年來(lai)一向選用鋼筋(jin)混(hun)凝土(tu)或(huo)圬工(gong)構(gou)造(zao)的(de)涵(han)(han)洞(dong)(dong),但該類涵(han)(han) 洞(dong)(dong)存(cun)在(zai)規劃繁瑣、施工(gong)周期(qi)長(chang)、易呈現沉(chen)(chen)陷及跳車等(deng)缺點,即使(shi)選用鋼筋(jin)混(hun)凝土(tu)管涵(han)(han)也存(cun)在(zai)管節組合體及銜接部位強度(du)不(bu)(bu)(bu)夠(gou)等(deng)缺點;此外(wai),在(zai)多年凍(dong)土(tu)、季節性凍(dong)土(tu)、脹大土(tu)、軟土(tu)等(deng)特別地區,鋼筋(jin)混(hun)凝土(tu)涵(han)(han)洞(dong)(dong)在(zai)使(shi)用過程中一般將(jiang)(jiang)呈現不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)程度(du)的(de)損(sun)壞,更為嚴重的(de)是當地基(ji)或(huo)根底不(bu)(bu)(bu)平均沉(chen)(chen)降將(jiang)(jiang)致使(shi)涵(han)(han)洞(dong)(dong)的(de)全體損(sun)壞,形成路基(ji)大范圍的(de)沉(chen)(chen)陷,給公路行車帶來(lai)極(ji)為嚴重的(de)安全隱患。

不同情況的路基應該調整鋼波紋涵管的施工方案

鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)波紋管(guan)涵是一種柔性(xing)構造,波紋管(guan)在構造上(shang)具(ju)(ju)有橫向抵償位移的(de)(de)特性(xing),可(ke)(ke)充分施(shi)展(zhan)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)材抗(kang)拉功能(neng)強,具(ju)(ju)有較大的(de)(de)抗(kang)變形和抗(kang)沉降才能(neng),施(shi)工(gong)(gong)過程(cheng)中重量輕、裝(zhuang)置(zhi)利(li)便快捷、施(shi)工(gong)(gong)簡(jian)便等很(hen)多長處。該文以某工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)實例為研(yan)討目標(biao),對鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)波紋管(guan)涵的(de)(de)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)藝、工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)造價等方面進行比(bi)照研(yan)討,發現(xian)該類管(guan)涵具(ju)(ju)有別的(de)(de)傳統涵洞(dong)無與倫比(bi)的(de)(de)優勝性(xing),可(ke)(ke)為鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)波紋管(guan)涵在公路建設(she)中的(de)(de)推(tui)廣應(ying)用提供(gong)有益的(de)(de)參閱。

金屬波紋涵(han)管的波紋結(jie)構可使(shi)涵(han)洞路面受力公道，荷(he)載分布平均，并具有(you)一定的抗(kang)變(bian)形能力，能解決(jue)北(bei)方(fang)嚴寒地區（霜凍(dong)）對橋(qiao)梁(liang)(liang)和涵(han)管砼(tong)結(jie)構的破壞題目；使(shi)路表(biao)面沒(mei)有(you)伸縮(suo)縫，進(jin)步(bu)行車恬靜。而(er)且(qie)也有(you)利于(yu)改善軟土地基結(jie)構與路堤接壤處的“錯臺”現象，進(jin)步(bu)行車安全性。波紋涵(han)管的工(gong)后(hou)營運、養護本(ben)錢(qian)低，工(gong)程實際造價也低于(yu)同(tong)類跨徑的橋(qiao)梁(liang)(liang)、涵(han)洞。

鋼波紋涵管的(de)防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)及排水(shui)(shui)(shui)施(shi)工中為(wei)防(fang)止波紋涵(han)管外(wai)發生(sheng)的(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)壓，有必要設置排水(shui)(shui)(shui)設備盡量降低水(shui)(shui)(shui)壓（按捺發生(sheng)水(shui)(shui)(shui)壓會加重波紋涵(han)管填(tian)土部位的(de)載荷，會影響波紋涵(han)管的(de)變位）為(wei)了(le)防(fang)止從鋼板(ban)連接部及螺栓(shuan)孔(kong)滲(shen)水(shui)(shui)(shui)，在(zai)螺栓(shuan)連接部和鋼板(ban)重疊部選擇(ze)密封材料進(jin)行表面防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)處理地下通道(dao)在(zai)組裝完(wan)畢后(hou)(hou)，回填(tian)之前實施(shi)表面防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)處理后(hou)(hou)待防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)材料充分硬化(hua)后(hou)(hou)開始回填(tian)、回填(tian)及壓實（1）波形鋼板(ban)構(gou)(gou)造物的(de)回填(tian)與壓實對構(gou)(gou)造物的(de)不亂性及耐久性起著重要的(de)作用。波形鋼板(ban)是一種彈性結構(gou)(gou)，所(suo)以填(tian)土特別重要。

金(jin)屬波(bo)紋(wen)涵(han)(han)管按地(di)中構造物使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)時，土(tu)(tu)體和波(bo)形(xing)鋼板(ban)有(you)合成(cheng)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)能(neng)承(cheng)受外部(bu)載荷，因(yin)此金(jin)屬波(bo)紋(wen)涵(han)(han)管及土(tu)(tu)體共同承(cheng)受載荷的作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。金(jin)屬波(bo)紋(wen)管涵(han)(han)也叫(jiao)波(bo)紋(wen)管涵(han)(han)或鋼制波(bo)紋(wen)涵(han)(han)管，是(shi)指鋪埋(mai)在公路，鐵路下面的涵(han)(han)洞用(yong)(yong)(yong)螺紋(wen)波(bo)紋(wen)管，它是(shi)由(you)波(bo)形(xing)金(jin)屬板(ban)卷制成(cheng)或用(yong)(yong)(yong)半圓波(bo)形(xing)鋼片(pian)拼制成(cheng)的圓形(xing)波(bo)紋(wen)管，應用(yong)(yong)(yong)于公路，鐵路，小橋，通道，擋(dang)土(tu)(tu)墻以及各(ge)種礦(kuang)場，巷道擋(dang)墻支護等(deng)工程中的涵(han)(han)洞（管）

金(jin)屬波(bo)(bo)紋(wen)涵(han)(han)(han)管具有(you)施工工期短、造價低、對(dui)地基擾動(dong)小、對(dui)基礎(chu)要(yao)求低、適應(ying)變(bian)形機能好等長處,特別合用(yong)(yong)于邊遠地區(qu)和多年凍土、軟(ruan)土等特殊(shu)地基區(qu)域的(de)(de)道路涵(han)(han)(han)洞(dong)工程.目前,作為(wei)一種新型(xing)的(de)(de)道路涵(han)(han)(han)洞(dong)形式.對(dui)鋼(gang)波(bo)(bo)紋(wen)管涵(han)(han)(han)洞(dong)進行野外現場力(li)(li)學機能測試(shi)存在很多局限(xian)(xian)(xian)性(xing)(xing),為(wei)了克(ke)服其局限(xian)(xian)(xian)性(xing)(xing),本文在鋼(gang)波(bo)(bo)紋(wen)管涵(han)(han)(han)洞(dong)野外現場力(li)(li)學機能測試(shi)的(de)(de)基礎(chu)上,利用(yong)(yong)有(you)限(xian)(xian)(xian)元力(li)(li)學分(fen)析程序對(dui)鋼(gang)波(bo)(bo)紋(wen)管涵(han)(han)(han)洞(dong)的(de)(de)受力(li)(li)變(bian)形作計(ji)算分(fen)析,將計(ji)算結(jie)果和野外現場實測值進行比較分(fen)析,建立(li)公道的(de)(de)有(you)限(xian)(xian)(xian)元力(li)(li)學模型(xing),運用(yong)(yong)有(you)限(xian)(xian)(xian)元法(fa)系統地分(fen)析鋼(gang)波(bo)(bo)紋(wen)管涵(han)(han)(han)洞(dong)的(de)(de)力(li)(li)學機能成為(wei)可(ke)行.