近年來不銹鋼波紋管型(xing)(xing)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)器以其傳(chuan)熱(re)效果好、不結(jie)垢(gou)、不易(yi)堵,同(tong)時具(ju)有原傳(chuan)統的(de)固(gu)定管(guan)(guan)(guan)板(ban)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)器結(jie)構(gou)簡樸、合用(yong)性(xing)強等長處,在熱(re)電系統、化工、醫藥、食物(wu)等行(xing)業(ye)獲得的(de)應(ying)用(yong)。這種換(huan)(huan)熱(re)器采用(yong)波(bo)紋(wen)型(xing)(xing)強化換(huan)(huan)熱(re)管(guan)(guan)(guan)代替殼管(guan)(guan)(guan)式換(huan)(huan)熱(re)器中的(de)直管(guan)(guan)(guan),將不銹鋼波(bo)紋(wen)管(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)長處與殼管(guan)(guan)(guan)結(jie)構(gou)的(de)長處結(jie)合起(qi)來(lai),成為(wei)一種新型(xing)(xing)、高(gao)效能的(de)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)器。但目(mu)前市場上的(de)波(bo)紋(wen)管(guan)(guan)(guan)型(xing)(xing)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)器,其不銹鋼波(bo)紋(wen)管(guan)(guan)(guan)元件普(pu)遍采用(yong)不銹鋼無(wu)縫管(guan)(guan)(guan)漲制成而,這種元件致命(ming)的(de)弱點是承壓低、輕易(yi)發生應(ying)力侵蝕(shi)導(dao)致內(nei)漏,甚至個(ge)別波(bo)紋(wen)管(guan)(guan)(guan)斷(duan)裂,經濟損(sun)失巨大甚至發生危(wei)險。
鋼波紋管都在哪些領域大展拳腳?
初在青(qing)藏鐵路(lu)和公(gong)路(lu)中研討應用(yong),目(mu)前已在多種(zhong)地(di)(di)質地(di)(di)形情況下(xia)應用(yong),并(bing)取得了良好(hao)的經濟與(yu)社會效益。也(ye)逐(zhu)漸為交通(tong)業內(nei)人士認可并(bing)舉薦,在各(ge)等級公(gong)路(lu)橋涵(han)項目(mu)中施(shi)展它的專(zhuan)長,海內(nei)先后制定了交通(tong)運輸(shu)行業尺度《公(gong)路(lu)涵(han)洞通(tong)道(dao)用(yong)波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)(wen)鋼管(guan)(板)》(JT/T 791-2010)及(ji)《公(gong)路(lu)橋涵(han)施(shi)工(gong)技術規范》(JTG/T F50-2011)有(you)波(bo)形鋼涵(han)洞章節。金屬波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)(wen)涵(han)管(guan)也(ye)叫波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)(wen)管(guan)涵(han),是指鋪埋(mai)在公(gong)路(lu)、鐵路(lu)路(lu)下(xia)的涵(han)洞用(yong)的螺(luo)紋(wen)(wen)(wen)波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)(wen)管(guan),它是由波(bo)形鋼板卷制成(cheng)或用(yong)波(bo)形鋼片組拼成(cheng)的圓形鋼結構(gou)管(guan)。
不銹(xiu)鋼波紋(wen)管是選(xuan)用(yong)特種(zhong)不銹(xiu)鋼板材(cai),滾壓(ya)卷成幾種(zhong)規格圓形(xing)薄(bo)壁光(guang)管,將焊縫錯開套裝(zhuang)成多(duo)層薄(bo)壁圓形(xing)光(guang)管,再(zai)經特殊工藝漲波突出成型的多(duo)層波紋(wen)管。該(gai)波紋(wen)管的管內活動呈等(deng)直徑流(liu)束(shu)型式(shi)(shi)和(he)(he)弧形(xing)流(liu)束(shu)型式(shi)(shi),使流(liu)速和(he)(he)壓(ya)力周(zhou)期(qi)性的變化,冷熱流(liu)體產生(sheng)強烈擾動,實現(xian)了復合強化換熱。
當元(yuan)件(jian)的(de)壁厚較薄時,可(ke)以采用微束等(deng)離子焊(han)、激光焊(han)、光束焊(han)等(deng)。 為了消除制造古城中產(chan)生的(de)內應力,波紋(wen)管(guan)及(ji)其它(ta)彈(dan)性元(yuan)件(jian)通常(chang)要進行不亂化處(chu)理(li)(li),可(ke)采用交(jiao)變載(zai)荷(he)處(chu)理(li)(li)、長期超載(zai)處(chu)理(li)(li)、機(ji)械不亂處(chu)理(li)(li)等(deng)方法。不亂化處(chu)理(li)(li)規(gui)范(溫度、時間、加載(zai)方式、輪回次(ci)數等(deng))的(de)選擇應根據彈(dan)性元(yuan)件(jian)的(de)工作前提而定。
因為鋼(gang)波(bo)(bo)紋(wen)涵管為鋼(gang)結構,其(qi)順應(ying)變形(xing)才干較(jiao)強(qiang),采取(qu)砂礫(li)基(ji)礎(chu),基(ji)礎(chu)厚度(du)??0??6m,以知足施工的壓實懇(ken)(ken)(ken)求(qiu)、填料小(xiao)強(qiang)度(du)懇(ken)(ken)(ken)求(qiu)、更大 粒(li)徑(jing)懇(ken)(ken)(ken)乞降(jiang)地(di)(di)(di)基(ji)基(ji)礎(chu)的抗(kang)(kang)凍(dong)(dong)懇(ken)(ken)(ken)求(qiu)。換填深(shen)(shen)度(du)普(pu)通(tong)根(gen)據當地(di)(di)(di)凍(dong)(dong)深(shen)(shen)等肯(ken)定。設(she)置構造(zao)物(wu)地(di)(di)(di)基(ji)要盡可能避開(kai)柔軟(ruan)層(ceng)與巖石(shi)的接壤處,當無法避開(kai)時(shi)(shi),柔軟(ruan)區間要用級配良好(hao)的砂礫(li)夯(hang)實(厚度(du)大于0??6m),巖石(shi)區應(ying)開(kai)挖至少0??3m后用砂礫(li)松鋪(pu),以減小(xiao)相對(dui)變位。思(si)考到(dao)公然(ran)水及其(qi)影響,建議在非凍(dong)(dong)地(di)(di)(di)域(yu)也采用砂礫(li)基(ji)礎(chu)。普(pu)通(tong),在某些地(di)(di)(di)域(yu)砂礫(li)材料稀少或(huo)砂礫(li)級配較(jiao)差時(shi)(shi),也可換填碎(sui)石(shi)、礫(li)石(shi)或(huo)河(山)砂及碎(sui)石(shi)土,但(dan)應(ying)知足壓實懇(ken)(ken)(ken)求(qiu)、填料小(xiao)強(qiang)度(du)懇(ken)(ken)(ken)求(qiu)、更大 粒(li)徑(jing)懇(ken)(ken)(ken)乞降(jiang)抗(kang)(kang)凍(dong)(dong)懇(ken)(ken)(ken)求(qiu)。故鋼(gang)波(bo)(bo)紋(wen)涵管洞對(dui)地(di)(di)(di)基(ji)擾動小(xiao)、不(bu)滲水、工期短,有利于堅持多年(nian)凍(dong)(dong)土的水熱平衡(heng)。
鋼波紋管的(de)(de)選用(yong)(yong)必須遵照合(he)用(yong)(yong)、安(an)全、經濟在滿 足功用(yong)(yong)需求基礎(chu)上(shang)充(chong)分(fen)施(shi)展(zhan)鋼波(bo)紋(wen)管(guan)(guan)結構的(de)(de)力學(xue)機(ji)能上(shang)風(feng)。公路(lu)鋼波(bo)紋(wen)涵(han)管(guan)(guan)洞(dong)設(she)計(ji)時應(ying)堅持量文體衣、充(chong)分(fen)施(shi)展(zhan)其上(shang)風(feng)的(de)(de)繩尺。設(she)計(ji)中除(chu)應(ying)充(chong)分(fen)思(si)考工程項目(mu)的(de)(de)基本特征,包括公路(lu)等級、 重要(yao)性程度、地形地貌、不良地質狀況、路(lu)基建(jian)筑等方面(mian)(mian)之外還應(ying)思(si)考下列(lie)要(yao)素(su):施(shi)工前提(ti)和(he)便利性;養(yang)護前提(ti);二次防腐(fu)。 采用(yong)(yong)了波(bo)紋(wen)的(de)(de)方式,一方面(mian)(mian)增(zeng)大了涵(han)洞(dong)與(yu)大氣(qi)接觸的(de)(de)表面(mian)(mian)積,波(bo)紋(wen)形狀增(zeng)大了管(guan)(guan)內測(ce)表面(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)摩擦系數,使大氣(qi)層流(liu)變(bian)紊流(liu)增(zeng)強兩人管(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)換(huan)熱機(ji)能;另一方面(mian)(mian)波(bo)紋(wen)管(guan)(guan)具有較(jiao)顯著(zhu)的(de)(de)橫(heng)向(xiang)補償位(wei)移(yi)的(de)(de)作用(yong)(yong),同時跟(gen)著(zhu)直(zhi)徑(jing)的(de)(de)減小橫(heng)向(xiang)補償位(wei)移(yi)的(de)(de)作用(yong)(yong)越強。
況且(qie)這種(zhong)波紋涵管(guan)在使(shi)用(yong)(yong)時很(hen)利便,跟其余(yu)的(de)的(de)管(guan)材(cai)比(bi)擬有很(hen)大的(de)區別,更(geng)具有一定的(de)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)價(jia)值。首(shou)先這種(zhong)pvc給水管(guan)主(zhu)要(yao)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)的(de)是20、25、或32的(de),這樣使(shi)用(yong)(yong)更(geng)好,長度(du)的(de)適(shi)中也是重要(yao)的(de)因素(su)。這種(zhong)波紋涵管(guan)規格(ge)的(de)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)價(jia)格(ge)也是很(hen)公道,物(wu)美價(jia)廉(lian)。
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