鋼波紋管液壓成(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)工藝的樞(shu)紐是階段(duan)的成(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)壓力(li)和脹(zhang)(zhang)形(xing)(xing)(xing)程(cheng)(cheng)度(du)，通過(guo)成(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)壓力(li)來控(kong)制脹(zhang)(zhang)形(xing)(xing)(xing)程(cheng)(cheng)度(du)，假(jia)如脹(zhang)(zhang)形(xing)(xing)(xing)程(cheng)(cheng)度(du)較大，管材輕易破裂，假(jia)如脹(zhang)(zhang)形(xing)(xing)(xing)程(cheng)(cheng)度(du)太小，脹(zhang)(zhang)形(xing)(xing)(xing)沒有(you)起到軸(zhou)向定位作用，成(cheng)(cheng)型之后的波紋管波紋不齊，成(cheng)(cheng)品率(lv)比較低。

拼裝鋼波紋管的運輸優勢還是非常明顯的

鋼波紋管液(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)成(cheng)型(xing)屬于極薄(bo)(bo)壁管(guan)的(de)(de)液(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)復合脹(zhang)(zhang)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，是軟(ruan)模成(cheng)型(xing)技術(shu)的(de)(de)一種(zhong)。它(ta)以(yi)液(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)流(liu)體為軟(ruan)模，以(yi)成(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)凹(ao)模為硬模。液(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)脹(zhang)(zhang)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)主要(yao)有兩(liang)個階(jie)段，脹(zhang)(zhang)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)階(jie)段，管(guan)材(cai)兩(liang)端(duan)和(he)(he)成(cheng)型(xing)模具(ju)(ju)都固定不(bu)動，極薄(bo)(bo)壁管(guan)在(zai)(zai)模具(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)限(xian)制和(he)(he)管(guan)內的(de)(de)液(ye)(ye)體壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力的(de)(de)作(zuo)用下(xia)(xia)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)徑(jing)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)膨(peng)脹(zhang)(zhang)。脹(zhang)(zhang)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)程度(du)比較(jiao)小，其目的(de)(de)就是讓成(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)模具(ju)(ju)在(zai)(zai)管(guan)材(cai)上(shang)軸(zhou)(zhou)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)定位。成(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)第二個階(jie)段，管(guan)材(cai)在(zai)(zai)內壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力和(he)(he)軸(zhou)(zhou)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力的(de)(de)復合作(zuo)用下(xia)(xia)，進(jin)(jin)(jin)一步(bu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)脹(zhang)(zhang)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。在(zai)(zai)此階(jie)段，在(zai)(zai)軸(zhou)(zhou)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)力的(de)(de)作(zuo)用下(xia)(xia)，成(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)凹(ao)模進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)軸(zhou)(zhou)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)移動，知道各(ge)個成(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)凹(ao)模相互貼(tie)合在(zai)(zai)一起(qi)，成(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)完畢。在(zai)(zai)此階(jie)段，管(guan)材(cai)軸(zhou)(zhou)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)縮短，在(zai)(zai)波(bo)紋(wen)處(chu)(chu)徑(jing)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)擴(kuo)脹(zhang)(zhang)。根據(ju)金(jin)(jin)屬成(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)原理(li)，金(jin)(jin)屬在(zai)(zai)塑性成(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)過(guo)程中體積不(bu)變，波(bo)紋(wen)管(guan)徑(jing)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)擴(kuo)脹(zhang)(zhang)需要(yao)的(de)(de)材(cai)料(liao)通過(guo)管(guan)材(cai)軸(zhou)(zhou)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)縮短來增補，而(er)軸(zhou)(zhou)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)加壓(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)脹(zhang)(zhang)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)就是促進(jin)(jin)(jin)這種(zhong)材(cai)料(liao)轉移的(de)(de)順(shun)利進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)。軸(zhou)(zhou)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)加壓(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)脹(zhang)(zhang)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)可以(yi)進(jin)(jin)(jin)步(bu)材(cai)料(liao)的(de)(de)脹(zhang)(zhang)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)程度(du)，可以(yi)成(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)波(bo)紋(wen)深度(du)較(jiao)深的(de)(de)波(bo)紋(wen)管(guan)，可以(yi)進(jin)(jin)(jin)步(bu)波(bo)紋(wen)管(guan)的(de)(de)成(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)率。同(tong)時液(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)成(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)變形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)也比較(jiao)平(ping)均(jun)，并(bing)能獲得(de)良好的(de)(de)表(biao)面質(zhi)量。正由于具(ju)(ju)有上(shang)述良多(duo)長處(chu)(chu)，液(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)成(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)才能成(cheng)為金(jin)(jin)屬波(bo)紋(wen)管(guan)成(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)主流(liu)技術(shu)。

實(shi)踐證實(shi)，用鋼波(bo)紋(wen)管涵代替(ti)鋼筋混凝(ning)土進行(xing)涵洞(dong)(dong)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)，不管從施(shi)(shi)工(gong)周期、施(shi)(shi)工(gong)造價、環保(bao)意義等方面(mian)都(dou)有其(qi)不可相比(bi)的(de)優勝(sheng)性(xing)，且用金(jin)屬波(bo)紋(wen)管涵進行(xing)涵洞(dong)(dong)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)，可大大進步道路行(xing)車(che)的(de)恬(tian)靜度與安全性(xing)，避免道路中涵洞(dong)(dong)的(de)“錯臺跳(tiao)車(che)”現形，有利于解決西北地區嚴寒霜凍對砼(tong)管涵結構的(de)破壞題(ti)目。

跟著鋼(gang)(gang)波紋管涵(han)在(zai)(zai)(zai)世界各(ge)(ge)地(di)的安裝(zhuang)使用(yong)，證(zheng)實了(le)此(ci)種結構在(zai)(zai)(zai)各(ge)(ge)種使用(yong)情況(kuang)下的通用(yong)性(xing)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)我(wo)國(guo)改革開放后，深圳(zhen)及大同煤礦開始從(cong)國(guo)外(wai)入口成品鋼(gang)(gang)波紋管涵(han)進(jin)行涵(han)洞施工。之后，上海(hai)市公(gong)(gong)路治理處、上海(hai)市政(zheng)工程設(she)計研究院、上海(hai)同濟大學對(dui)鋼(gang)(gang)波紋管涵(han)進(jin)行了(le)動、靜載試(shi)驗(yan)，結果表明能知足(zu)設(she)計使用(yong)要求，填補了(le)海(hai)內的空缺，且迅速(su)得到推廣應(ying)用(yong)。幕墻(qiang)一貫反應(ying)用(yong)于(yu)我(wo)國(guo)各(ge)(ge)地(di)公(gong)(gong)路舉(ju)措措施建(jian)設(she)當(dang)中(zhong)。鋼(gang)(gang)波紋管涵(han)投入到了(le)青(qing)海(hai)公(gong)(gong)路施工當(dang)中(zhong)，三年的實踐證(zheng)實，鋼(gang)(gang)波紋管涵(han)在(zai)(zai)(zai)北方嚴(yan)寒地(di)區完(wan)全符(fu)合公(gong)(gong)路建(jian)設(she)當(dang)中(zhong)的涵(han)洞施工要求。

拼裝鋼波紋管

在公路施(shi)工中，應用鋼(gang)波紋(wen)(wen)管(guan)(guan)(guan)涵(han)代(dai)替鋼(gang)筋混凝(ning)土(tu)進行(xing)涵(han)洞施(shi)工的(de)歷(li)史已經有100多年(nian)了(le)。1896年(nian)，美(mei)國率(lv)提高(gao)(gao)前輩行(xing)鋼(gang)波紋(wen)(wen)管(guan)(guan)(guan)涵(han)通道、涵(han)管(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)可(ke)行(xing)性(xing)研究(jiu)。其后，在美(mei)國、加(jia)拿大、澳大利亞等國的(de)公路建設(she)中，均(jun)采用了(le)鋼(gang)波紋(wen)(wen)管(guan)(guan)(guan)涵(han)進行(xing)涵(han)洞的(de)施(shi)工。1990年(nian)，日(ri)本(ben)高(gao)(gao)速公路設(she)計，規范制定(ding)了(le)鋼(gang)波紋(wen)(wen)管(guan)(guan)(guan)涵(han)設(she)計技術規范。

拼裝(zhuang)鋼(gang)(gang)波(bo)紋管(guan)是將(jiang)薄鋼(gang)(gang)板板面(mian)壓成(cheng)波(bo)紋后，卷制成(cheng)管(guan)節，可(ke)以增加管(guan)節的(de)(de)(de)剛度(du)和對管(guan)軸壓力的(de)(de)(de)抵擋強度(du)；出廠前(qian)采(cai)用(yong)熱浸鍍鋅工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝和施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)現場噴涂(tu)瀝青(qing)，雙層防腐處(chu)理保證(zheng)了使用(yong)壽命；用(yong)此(ci)種管(guan)節修(xiu)建的(de)(de)(de)涵(han)(han)洞(dong)被稱(cheng)為(wei)鋼(gang)(gang)波(bo)紋管(guan)涵(han)(han)。實踐(jian)證(zheng)實，用(yong)鋼(gang)(gang)波(bo)紋管(guan)涵(han)(han)代替鋼(gang)(gang)筋(jin)混(hun)凝土(tu)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)涵(han)(han)洞(dong)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)，不管(guan)從施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)周期(qi)、施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)造價、環保意義等(deng)方面(mian)都有(you)其不可(ke)相比的(de)(de)(de)優(you)勝性，且用(yong)鋼(gang)(gang)波(bo)紋管(guan)涵(han)(han)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)涵(han)(han)洞(dong)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)，可(ke)大(da)大(da)進(jin)步(bu)道路行(xing)(xing)車的(de)(de)(de)恬靜度(du)與安全(quan)性，避免道路中(zhong)涵(han)(han)洞(dong)的(de)(de)(de)“錯臺跳(tiao)車”現形，有(you)利(li)于解(jie)決西北地(di)區嚴(yan)寒霜凍對砼管(guan)涵(han)(han)結構的(de)(de)(de)破壞題(ti)目(mu)。公路工(gong)(gong)(gong)程的(de)(de)(de)涵(han)(han)洞(dong)一般采(cai)用(yong)鋼(gang)(gang)筋(jin)混(hun)凝土(tu)制作。現采(cai)用(yong)鋼(gang)(gang)波(bo)紋管(guan)涵(han)(han)代替鋼(gang)(gang)筋(jin)混(hun)凝土(tu)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)涵(han)(han)洞(dong)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)在海內(nei)時一項新技術，鋼(gang)(gang)波(bo)紋管(guan)涵(han)(han)以其機能不亂、安裝(zhuang)利(li)便、有(you)利(li)環保、造價低等(deng)長處(chu)迅速在公路施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)中(zhong)代替了鋼(gang)(gang)筋(jin)混(hun)凝土(tu)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)涵(han)(han)洞(dong)，發展遠(yuan)景(jing)非常廣(guang)闊。