鋼波紋涵管拼裝全部完成后(hou),用(yong)(yong)定(ding)扭電動扳手,按預緊(jin)力(li)(li)340±70N·m依次序(xu)緊(jin)固所(suo)有螺(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan),不(bu)(bu)得漏掉。為保(bao)證螺(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)扭力(li)(li)矩(ju)的要(yao)(yao)求值,回填(tian)之前隨(sui)機抽取結(jie)構(gou)縱向連接縫上2%的螺(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan),用(yong)(yong)扭矩(ju)扳手抽檢實驗。螺(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)擰緊(jin)并(bing)符合要(yao)(yao)求后(hou),在鋼板連接處和螺(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)孔處采用(yong)(yong)專用(yong)(yong)密封材料。安裝完畢后(hou),在管(guan)內外平均涂抹熱瀝青(qing)或(huo)乳(ru)化瀝青(qing),涂層厚度應不(bu)(bu)小于(yu)1mm。
鋼波紋涵管是如何一步步替代傳統產品的?
拼(pin)裝(zhuang)底板(ban)(ban)時(shi),以管身中央軸(zhou)線及中點為(wei)基(ji)準(zhun),波紋板(ban)(ban)定(ding)位,以此為(wei)出發點向兩側延伸,直至涵洞進出口(kou)兩端(duan)。拼(pin)裝(zhuang)環(huan)形圈時(shi),由(you)下向上(shang)順次拼(pin)裝(zhuang),軸(zhou)向搭接寬度為(wei)120mm,搭接部門上(shang)板(ban)(ban)籠蓋下板(ban)(ban)。
管(guan)頂(ding)填(tian)(tian)土(tu)厚(hou)度(du)小(xiao)(xiao)于(yu)50cm時(shi)(shi),不得使用大于(yu)6t的(de)壓路(lu)機(ji)碾壓,不答應其他(ta)重型施工機(ji)械(xie)通行或(huo)在管(guan)身上(shang)方堆放重物。管(guan)頂(ding)填(tian)(tian)土(tu)層厚(hou)度(du)以(yi)30cm為宜(yi),采用小(xiao)(xiao)型機(ji)具夯實(shi)或(huo)8t以(yi)下的(de)手扶壓路(lu)機(ji)壓實(shi),以(yi)上(shang)各層以(yi)20cm厚(hou)度(du)壓實(shi),直至達到管(guan)身直徑或(huo)跨徑要求的(de)小(xiao)(xiao)填(tian)(tian)土(tu)厚(hou)度(du)后采用振動式(shi)壓路(lu)機(ji)碾壓,此時(shi)(shi)可答應重型施工機(ji)械(xie)通行。
管(guan)身(shen)(shen)兩(liang)(liang)側分層壓實(shi)(shi)回(hui)(hui)填(tian)應同(tong)(tong)步對(dui)(dui)稱進行(xing)(xing),兩(liang)(liang)側的(de)(de)回(hui)(hui)填(tian)土高(gao)度差不得大于30cm。對(dui)(dui)于多道橋(qiao)涵(han)(han)平行(xing)(xing)排(pai)列的(de)(de),中間各道與(yu)兩(liang)(liang)側也應遵循同(tong)(tong)步對(dui)(dui)稱回(hui)(hui)填(tian)的(de)(de)原(yuan)則。回(hui)(hui)填(tian)夯實(shi)(shi)過(guo)程(cheng)中,管(guan)身(shen)(shen)兩(liang)(liang)側面壓實(shi)(shi)施工(gong)時夯實(shi)(shi)裝備應與(yu)橋(qiao)涵(han)(han)軸(zhou)線平行(xing)(xing)行(xing)(xing)駛;管(guan)身(shen)(shen)上方壓實(shi)(shi)施工(gong)時夯實(shi)(shi)裝備應與(yu)橋(qiao)涵(han)(han)軸(zhou)線垂(chui)直(zhi)行(xing)(xing)駛。
縱向施工順序,可(ke)從(cong)涵洞中間至(zhi)兩端(duan);對于(yu)兩端(duan)端(duan)墻已完成的也可(ke)以(yi)從(cong)兩端(duan)向中間推進(jin)。管身更大(da)直徑兩側0.6m外可(ke)使用(yong)18T壓(ya)路機(ji)(ji)碾壓(ya),0.6m范圍內必需使用(yong)小型夯實機(ji)(ji)械夯實,以(yi)避(bi)免壓(ya)路機(ji)(ji)等(deng)大(da)型機(ji)(ji)械設備(bei)對管涵的撞擊。填(tian)筑時應(ying)分(fen)層(ceng)填(tian)筑、分(fen)層(ceng)壓(ya)實,每層(ceng)壓(ya)實后的厚度為20cm,壓(ya)實度要求(qiu)達(da)到96%方可(ke)進(jin)行下層(ceng)填(tian)筑。
對于多(duo)孔并列的圓管涵和連跨的拱涵,由(you)于空(kong)(kong)間原因管間距(ju)設(she)置較(jiao)小時,其管間曠地(di)空(kong)(kong)閑下部也(ye)可采用素混(hun)凝土或(huo)氣泡混(hun)合輕質(zhi)土填(tian)實,待其固化后再(zai)實行上(shang)部和頂部的正常(chang)回填(tian)。
采用粗砂“水密(mi)法”振蕩(dang)器密(mi)實(shi)(shi),或(huo)采用流態粉煤灰回(hui)(hui)填(tian),或(huo)水泥漿體澆筑。也可(ke)選用更大粒徑不超過3cm的(de)級配(pei)碎(sui)石回(hui)(hui)填(tian),用小(xiao)型夯(hang)(hang)實(shi)(shi)機械斜向夯(hang)(hang)實(shi)(shi),確(que)保管底回(hui)(hui)填(tian)質(zhi)(zhi)量。對(dui)于(yu)大直徑圓管涵,可(ke)采用素混凝土或(huo)氣泡(pao)混合(he)輕質(zhi)(zhi)土回(hui)(hui)填(tian),待(dai)其固化后再(zai)實(shi)(shi)行(xing)其外延部門的(de)正常(chang)回(hui)(hui)填(tian)。
涵管(guan)(guan)(guan)兩(liang)側(ce)回填(tian)(tian)應采(cai)用(yong)砂礫或(huo)與路基填(tian)(tian)料相同的材(cai)料。涵管(guan)(guan)(guan)兩(liang)側(ce)回填(tian)(tian)應對稱施工,分層回填(tian)(tian),每層厚(hou)度(du)為20cm。涵管(guan)(guan)(guan)兩(liang)側(ce)近處用(yong)機械夯實(shi),管(guan)(guan)(guan)底下方(fang)粗(cu)砂用(yong)“水密(mi)法”震(zhen)蕩器振(zhen)實(shi)。涵管(guan)(guan)(guan)兩(liang)側(ce)回填(tian)(tian)應采(cai)用(yong)振(zhen)動夯實(shi)機逐層夯實(shi)。密(mi)實(shi)度(du)不小于96%。當管(guan)(guan)(guan)頂回填(tian)(tian)土厚(hou)度(du)超(chao)過50cm后,采(cai)用(yong)壓(ya)路機靜壓(ya);填(tian)(tian)土厚(hou)度(du)超(chao)過60cm后,采(cai)用(yong)壓(ya)路機振(zhen)壓(ya),壓(ya)實(shi)度(du)不小于96%。
埋設(she)于(yu)(yu)一(yi)般土(tu)質地基(ji)(ji)上的波紋管,常會時間性(xing)沉(chen)降,且往(wang)往(wang)管身中(zhong)部大于(yu)(yu)兩端。考慮到(dao)水流要乞降結構整體性(xing),應設(she)置基(ji)(ji)礎的縱向(xiang)(xiang)預(yu)留拱(gong)度(du),以(yi)實現管身預(yu)留拱(gong)度(du)。預(yu)留拱(gong)度(du)大小根(gen)據地基(ji)(ji)土(tu)可能(neng)泛起的下沉(chen)量、涵底縱坡和填(tian)土(tu)高度(du)等因(yin)素(su)綜合考慮,基(ji)(ji)礎在涵管縱向(xiang)(xiang)預(yu)留拱(gong)度(du)一(yi)般為0.5%~1%,更大不宜大于(yu)(yu)2%,以(yi)確(que)保管身中(zhong)部不泛起凹陷(xian)或(huo)縱向(xiang)(xiang)滑(hua)移。
鋼波紋涵管施工過程中的重點技術內容為(wei):預留拱度設(she)置、回填土壓實(shi)度、管節間密閉性控(kong)制等,消除(chu)質(zhi)量隱患及杜絕(jue)返工,以實(shi)現環保節能效益。
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