鋼波紋管液壓(ya)成(cheng)形(xing)(xing)工藝的(de)樞紐是階段的(de)成(cheng)形(xing)(xing)壓(ya)力和脹(zhang)形(xing)(xing)程度(du)，通過(guo)成(cheng)形(xing)(xing)壓(ya)力來(lai)控(kong)制脹(zhang)形(xing)(xing)程度(du)，假如脹(zhang)形(xing)(xing)程度(du)較大，管材輕易破裂，假如脹(zhang)形(xing)(xing)程度(du)太(tai)小，脹(zhang)形(xing)(xing)沒有起到軸向定位作用(yong)，成(cheng)型之(zhi)后的(de)波(bo)紋(wen)管波(bo)紋(wen)不齊，成(cheng)品(pin)率比(bi)較低。

拼裝鋼波紋管的運輸優勢還是非常明顯的

鋼波紋管液壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型屬(shu)于極(ji)薄壁管(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)液壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)復合脹(zhang)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，是軟(ruan)模(mo)(mo)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型技(ji)(ji)術(shu)的(de)(de)一(yi)種(zhong)。它以液壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)流體為軟(ruan)模(mo)(mo)，以成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)凹(ao)模(mo)(mo)為硬模(mo)(mo)。液壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)脹(zhang)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)主(zhu)要有(you)(you)兩個(ge)階(jie)段(duan)，脹(zhang)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)階(jie)段(duan)，管(guan)(guan)(guan)材(cai)兩端(duan)和(he)(he)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型模(mo)(mo)具(ju)都固定不(bu)(bu)動，極(ji)薄壁管(guan)(guan)(guan)在(zai)模(mo)(mo)具(ju)的(de)(de)限制(zhi)和(he)(he)管(guan)(guan)(guan)內(nei)的(de)(de)液體壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)的(de)(de)作用(yong)下進(jin)行徑(jing)向(xiang)(xiang)膨脹(zhang)。脹(zhang)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)程(cheng)(cheng)度(du)(du)比較(jiao)小(xiao)，其目的(de)(de)就(jiu)是讓成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)模(mo)(mo)具(ju)在(zai)管(guan)(guan)(guan)材(cai)上軸向(xiang)(xiang)定位。成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)第二個(ge)階(jie)段(duan)，管(guan)(guan)(guan)材(cai)在(zai)內(nei)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)和(he)(he)軸向(xiang)(xiang)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)的(de)(de)復合作用(yong)下，進(jin)一(yi)步(bu)進(jin)行脹(zhang)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。在(zai)此(ci)階(jie)段(duan)，在(zai)軸向(xiang)(xiang)力(li)(li)的(de)(de)作用(yong)下，成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)凹(ao)模(mo)(mo)進(jin)行軸向(xiang)(xiang)移(yi)動，知(zhi)道(dao)各個(ge)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)凹(ao)模(mo)(mo)相互貼合在(zai)一(yi)起，成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)完畢(bi)。在(zai)此(ci)階(jie)段(duan)，管(guan)(guan)(guan)材(cai)軸向(xiang)(xiang)縮短，在(zai)波(bo)(bo)紋(wen)(wen)處(chu)徑(jing)向(xiang)(xiang)擴脹(zhang)。根據金屬(shu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)原理(li)，金屬(shu)在(zai)塑性成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)中體積不(bu)(bu)變，波(bo)(bo)紋(wen)(wen)管(guan)(guan)(guan)徑(jing)向(xiang)(xiang)擴脹(zhang)需要的(de)(de)材(cai)料(liao)通過(guo)管(guan)(guan)(guan)材(cai)軸向(xiang)(xiang)縮短來增補，而軸向(xiang)(xiang)加壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)脹(zhang)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)就(jiu)是促進(jin)這種(zhong)材(cai)料(liao)轉移(yi)的(de)(de)順利進(jin)行。軸向(xiang)(xiang)加壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)脹(zhang)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)可(ke)以進(jin)步(bu)材(cai)料(liao)的(de)(de)脹(zhang)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)程(cheng)(cheng)度(du)(du)，可(ke)以成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)波(bo)(bo)紋(wen)(wen)深(shen)度(du)(du)較(jiao)深(shen)的(de)(de)波(bo)(bo)紋(wen)(wen)管(guan)(guan)(guan)，可(ke)以進(jin)步(bu)波(bo)(bo)紋(wen)(wen)管(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)率。同時液壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)變形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)也(ye)比較(jiao)平均，并(bing)能獲得良(liang)(liang)好的(de)(de)表面質(zhi)量。正由于具(ju)有(you)(you)上述良(liang)(liang)多長處(chu)，液壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)才能成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為金屬(shu)波(bo)(bo)紋(wen)(wen)管(guan)(guan)(guan)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)主(zhu)流技(ji)(ji)術(shu)。

實踐證實，用(yong)鋼(gang)波(bo)紋管(guan)涵代替鋼(gang)筋(jin)混凝(ning)土進(jin)行(xing)涵洞施(shi)工(gong)，不(bu)管(guan)從施(shi)工(gong)周期、施(shi)工(gong)造價、環保意義等方面都有其(qi)不(bu)可(ke)相(xiang)比的(de)(de)優勝性(xing)(xing)，且用(yong)金屬波(bo)紋管(guan)涵進(jin)行(xing)涵洞施(shi)工(gong)，可(ke)大大進(jin)步道路行(xing)車(che)的(de)(de)恬靜度(du)與(yu)安(an)全性(xing)(xing)，避免道路中涵洞的(de)(de)“錯臺跳車(che)”現形，有利于解決西北地區嚴(yan)寒霜凍對(dui)砼管(guan)涵結構(gou)的(de)(de)破(po)壞題目。

跟(gen)著鋼波(bo)(bo)紋(wen)管(guan)涵(han)在世界各(ge)地的(de)安裝使(shi)用(yong)，證實了此種(zhong)結(jie)構在各(ge)種(zhong)使(shi)用(yong)情況(kuang)下的(de)通用(yong)性。在我國(guo)改革(ge)開(kai)放后，深圳及(ji)大同煤(mei)礦(kuang)開(kai)始從國(guo)外入口成品(pin)鋼波(bo)(bo)紋(wen)管(guan)涵(han)進(jin)行涵(han)洞施工。之(zhi)后，上海市(shi)(shi)公(gong)(gong)路(lu)(lu)治理處、上海市(shi)(shi)政(zheng)工程設(she)(she)計(ji)研究(jiu)院(yuan)、上海同濟大學(xue)對鋼波(bo)(bo)紋(wen)管(guan)涵(han)進(jin)行了動、靜載試驗(yan)，結(jie)果表明能(neng)知足(zu)設(she)(she)計(ji)使(shi)用(yong)要求，填補了海內的(de)空缺，且迅速得到推廣應用(yong)。幕(mu)墻一貫反應用(yong)于我國(guo)各(ge)地公(gong)(gong)路(lu)(lu)舉措(cuo)措(cuo)施建(jian)設(she)(she)當中(zhong)。鋼波(bo)(bo)紋(wen)管(guan)涵(han)投入到了青海公(gong)(gong)路(lu)(lu)施工當中(zhong)，三年(nian)的(de)實踐證實，鋼波(bo)(bo)紋(wen)管(guan)涵(han)在北(bei)方嚴寒(han)地區完全符(fu)合(he)公(gong)(gong)路(lu)(lu)建(jian)設(she)(she)當中(zhong)的(de)涵(han)洞施工要求。

拼裝鋼波紋管

在公路(lu)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)中，應用鋼(gang)波紋(wen)管(guan)(guan)(guan)涵代替鋼(gang)筋混凝土進(jin)行(xing)涵洞施(shi)工(gong)(gong)的(de)歷(li)史已經(jing)有100多(duo)年了。1896年，美(mei)國率提高前輩行(xing)鋼(gang)波紋(wen)管(guan)(guan)(guan)涵通道、涵管(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)可行(xing)性研究。其后，在美(mei)國、加(jia)拿大(da)、澳(ao)大(da)利亞(ya)等(deng)國的(de)公路(lu)建設中，均采用了鋼(gang)波紋(wen)管(guan)(guan)(guan)涵進(jin)行(xing)涵洞的(de)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)。1990年，日本高速公路(lu)設計，規范(fan)制定(ding)了鋼(gang)波紋(wen)管(guan)(guan)(guan)涵設計技術規范(fan)。

拼裝鋼(gang)(gang)波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋(wen)(wen)管(guan)是將薄鋼(gang)(gang)板板面壓成(cheng)波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋(wen)(wen)后，卷制成(cheng)管(guan)節，可(ke)以(yi)增加(jia)管(guan)節的(de)(de)剛(gang)度(du)和對管(guan)軸壓力的(de)(de)抵擋強度(du)；出廠前采(cai)用(yong)(yong)熱(re)浸鍍鋅工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝和施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)現(xian)場噴涂瀝青，雙層防(fang)腐處(chu)理(li)保(bao)(bao)證了使用(yong)(yong)壽命；用(yong)(yong)此種管(guan)節修建的(de)(de)涵(han)(han)(han)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)被稱為鋼(gang)(gang)波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋(wen)(wen)管(guan)涵(han)(han)(han)。實踐證實，用(yong)(yong)鋼(gang)(gang)波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋(wen)(wen)管(guan)涵(han)(han)(han)代替(ti)鋼(gang)(gang)筋(jin)(jin)混(hun)凝土(tu)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)涵(han)(han)(han)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)，不(bu)管(guan)從施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)周期、施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)造價(jia)、環保(bao)(bao)意義等(deng)方面都有(you)其(qi)(qi)不(bu)可(ke)相(xiang)比(bi)的(de)(de)優(you)勝性，且用(yong)(yong)鋼(gang)(gang)波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋(wen)(wen)管(guan)涵(han)(han)(han)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)涵(han)(han)(han)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)，可(ke)大大進(jin)(jin)步道(dao)路行(xing)(xing)(xing)車的(de)(de)恬靜(jing)度(du)與(yu)安全性，避免(mian)道(dao)路中涵(han)(han)(han)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)“錯臺跳車”現(xian)形，有(you)利于解決西北地區嚴寒霜凍對砼管(guan)涵(han)(han)(han)結構的(de)(de)破壞(huai)題目。公路工(gong)(gong)(gong)程的(de)(de)涵(han)(han)(han)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)一(yi)般采(cai)用(yong)(yong)鋼(gang)(gang)筋(jin)(jin)混(hun)凝土(tu)制作。現(xian)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)鋼(gang)(gang)波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋(wen)(wen)管(guan)涵(han)(han)(han)代替(ti)鋼(gang)(gang)筋(jin)(jin)混(hun)凝土(tu)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)涵(han)(han)(han)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)在海內(nei)時(shi)一(yi)項新(xin)技術，鋼(gang)(gang)波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋(wen)(wen)管(guan)涵(han)(han)(han)以(yi)其(qi)(qi)機能(neng)不(bu)亂、安裝利便、有(you)利環保(bao)(bao)、造價(jia)低等(deng)長處(chu)迅速(su)在公路施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)中代替(ti)了鋼(gang)(gang)筋(jin)(jin)混(hun)凝土(tu)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)涵(han)(han)(han)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)，發展遠(yuan)景(jing)非常廣闊。