鋼波紋管液壓成(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)工藝的(de)樞紐是階段的(de)成(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)壓力(li)和脹(zhang)(zhang)形(xing)程(cheng)(cheng)度(du)，通過(guo)成(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)壓力(li)來控制(zhi)脹(zhang)(zhang)形(xing)程(cheng)(cheng)度(du)，假如脹(zhang)(zhang)形(xing)程(cheng)(cheng)度(du)較大，管(guan)材輕易破裂(lie)，假如脹(zhang)(zhang)形(xing)程(cheng)(cheng)度(du)太小，脹(zhang)(zhang)形(xing)沒有起到軸向定位(wei)作用，成(cheng)(cheng)型之后的(de)波紋(wen)管(guan)波紋(wen)不齊，成(cheng)(cheng)品率(lv)比較低。

拼裝鋼波紋管的運輸優勢還是非常明顯的

鋼波紋管液(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)屬于極薄壁管(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)液(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)復(fu)合脹(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)形(xing)，是(shi)(shi)軟(ruan)模(mo)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)技術(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)種。它(ta)以(yi)(yi)液(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)流體(ti)(ti)為(wei)軟(ruan)模(mo)，以(yi)(yi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)凹(ao)模(mo)為(wei)硬模(mo)。液(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)脹(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)形(xing)主要有兩(liang)個階段(duan)，脹(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)形(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)階段(duan)，管(guan)材(cai)(cai)兩(liang)端和成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)模(mo)具(ju)(ju)都固定不動，極薄壁管(guan)在(zai)(zai)模(mo)具(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)限制和管(guan)內的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)液(ye)(ye)體(ti)(ti)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)下進行徑(jing)(jing)向(xiang)膨脹(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)。脹(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)形(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)程(cheng)度(du)比(bi)較小，其目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)讓成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)模(mo)具(ju)(ju)在(zai)(zai)管(guan)材(cai)(cai)上軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)向(xiang)定位。成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)第二個階段(duan)，管(guan)材(cai)(cai)在(zai)(zai)內壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)和軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)向(xiang)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)復(fu)合作(zuo)用(yong)下，進一(yi)步(bu)進行脹(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)形(xing)。在(zai)(zai)此(ci)階段(duan)，在(zai)(zai)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)向(xiang)力(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)下，成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)凹(ao)模(mo)進行軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)向(xiang)移動，知道各個成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)凹(ao)模(mo)相互貼合在(zai)(zai)一(yi)起，成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)完畢。在(zai)(zai)此(ci)階段(duan)，管(guan)材(cai)(cai)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)向(xiang)縮短，在(zai)(zai)波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)處徑(jing)(jing)向(xiang)擴脹(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)。根據金屬成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)原理，金屬在(zai)(zai)塑性成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)過(guo)程(cheng)中體(ti)(ti)積(ji)不變，波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)管(guan)徑(jing)(jing)向(xiang)擴脹(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)需要的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)材(cai)(cai)料通過(guo)管(guan)材(cai)(cai)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)向(xiang)縮短來增補，而軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)向(xiang)加壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)脹(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)形(xing)就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)促進這種材(cai)(cai)料轉移的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)順利(li)進行。軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)向(xiang)加壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)脹(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)形(xing)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)進步(bu)材(cai)(cai)料的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)脹(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)形(xing)程(cheng)度(du)，可(ke)以(yi)(yi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)深度(du)較深的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)管(guan)，可(ke)以(yi)(yi)進步(bu)波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)管(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)率。同時液(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變形(xing)也比(bi)較平均，并能獲得良(liang)(liang)好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)表面質量。正由于具(ju)(ju)有上述良(liang)(liang)多長處，液(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)才能成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)金屬波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)管(guan)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主流技術(shu)。

實踐證實，用(yong)鋼波紋管(guan)涵(han)代替鋼筋混(hun)凝土(tu)進(jin)行涵(han)洞(dong)施工，不管(guan)從(cong)施工周期、施工造價(jia)、環保意義(yi)等方面都有其不可相比的(de)優勝性，且用(yong)金屬(shu)波紋管(guan)涵(han)進(jin)行涵(han)洞(dong)施工，可大大進(jin)步道路行車的(de)恬(tian)靜度與安全(quan)性，避免道路中涵(han)洞(dong)的(de)“錯臺跳車”現形，有利于解決西北地區嚴寒(han)霜(shuang)凍對砼(tong)管(guan)涵(han)結構的(de)破壞(huai)題目。

跟著鋼(gang)波(bo)(bo)紋(wen)管(guan)(guan)涵在世(shi)界各(ge)(ge)地的安裝使(shi)用，證實了此種結構在各(ge)(ge)種使(shi)用情況(kuang)下的通用性。在我(wo)國(guo)改(gai)革(ge)開放后(hou)，深圳及大同煤礦開始(shi)從國(guo)外入口成品(pin)鋼(gang)波(bo)(bo)紋(wen)管(guan)(guan)涵進行涵洞(dong)施工。之后(hou)，上(shang)海(hai)(hai)市公路治理處、上(shang)海(hai)(hai)市政工程設(she)(she)計研究(jiu)院、上(shang)海(hai)(hai)同濟大學對鋼(gang)波(bo)(bo)紋(wen)管(guan)(guan)涵進行了動(dong)、靜載試驗，結果表明(ming)能知足設(she)(she)計使(shi)用要(yao)求，填補了海(hai)(hai)內的空缺，且迅(xun)速得到推(tui)廣應用。幕墻一貫反應用于我(wo)國(guo)各(ge)(ge)地公路舉措(cuo)措(cuo)施建(jian)設(she)(she)當(dang)中(zhong)。鋼(gang)波(bo)(bo)紋(wen)管(guan)(guan)涵投入到了青海(hai)(hai)公路施工當(dang)中(zhong)，三年(nian)的實踐證實，鋼(gang)波(bo)(bo)紋(wen)管(guan)(guan)涵在北方嚴寒地區完全(quan)符合公路建(jian)設(she)(she)當(dang)中(zhong)的涵洞(dong)施工要(yao)求。

拼裝鋼波紋管

在(zai)(zai)公路施工中，應(ying)用(yong)鋼(gang)(gang)波紋(wen)(wen)管涵代替(ti)鋼(gang)(gang)筋混(hun)凝土進行(xing)(xing)涵洞(dong)施工的歷史已經有100多年(nian)了。1896年(nian)，美(mei)國(guo)率提高(gao)前輩行(xing)(xing)鋼(gang)(gang)波紋(wen)(wen)管涵通道、涵管的可行(xing)(xing)性研究(jiu)。其后(hou)，在(zai)(zai)美(mei)國(guo)、加拿大、澳大利亞等國(guo)的公路建設(she)中，均采(cai)用(yong)了鋼(gang)(gang)波紋(wen)(wen)管涵進行(xing)(xing)涵洞(dong)的施工。1990年(nian)，日(ri)本高(gao)速公路設(she)計(ji)，規范(fan)制定(ding)了鋼(gang)(gang)波紋(wen)(wen)管涵設(she)計(ji)技術(shu)規范(fan)。

拼裝鋼(gang)波紋(wen)管(guan)(guan)(guan)是將薄鋼(gang)板(ban)板(ban)面壓成波紋(wen)后(hou)，卷制成管(guan)(guan)(guan)節，可以增加(jia)管(guan)(guan)(guan)節的剛度和(he)對管(guan)(guan)(guan)軸壓力的抵擋(dang)強度；出(chu)廠(chang)前采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)熱浸鍍鋅工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)和(he)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)現(xian)場噴涂瀝青，雙層防腐(fu)處理保(bao)證(zheng)了使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)壽(shou)命(ming)；用(yong)(yong)(yong)此(ci)種管(guan)(guan)(guan)節修建的涵(han)(han)洞(dong)被稱為鋼(gang)波紋(wen)管(guan)(guan)(guan)涵(han)(han)。實踐證(zheng)實，用(yong)(yong)(yong)鋼(gang)波紋(wen)管(guan)(guan)(guan)涵(han)(han)代替鋼(gang)筋混(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)土進行(xing)涵(han)(han)洞(dong)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)，不(bu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)從施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)周期、施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)造(zao)價、環保(bao)意義等方(fang)面都有其(qi)不(bu)可相比(bi)的優勝性，且用(yong)(yong)(yong)鋼(gang)波紋(wen)管(guan)(guan)(guan)涵(han)(han)進行(xing)涵(han)(han)洞(dong)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)，可大大進步道路行(xing)車的恬(tian)靜度與(yu)安全(quan)性，避免道路中涵(han)(han)洞(dong)的“錯臺(tai)跳車”現(xian)形，有利(li)于解決西北地區嚴寒(han)霜凍對砼管(guan)(guan)(guan)涵(han)(han)結構的破壞(huai)題(ti)目。公(gong)路工(gong)(gong)程的涵(han)(han)洞(dong)一(yi)般采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)鋼(gang)筋混(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)土制作。現(xian)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)鋼(gang)波紋(wen)管(guan)(guan)(guan)涵(han)(han)代替鋼(gang)筋混(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)土進行(xing)涵(han)(han)洞(dong)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)在(zai)海(hai)內時一(yi)項新技術，鋼(gang)波紋(wen)管(guan)(guan)(guan)涵(han)(han)以其(qi)機能(neng)不(bu)亂、安裝利(li)便(bian)、有利(li)環保(bao)、造(zao)價低等長處迅速(su)在(zai)公(gong)路施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)中代替了鋼(gang)筋混(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)土施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)的涵(han)(han)洞(dong)，發(fa)展(zhan)遠景非常廣闊。